ccm 16.4.2. Edition statement (LCRI 21.3B)
16.4.2. Edition statement (LCRI 21.3B)
If the change in an edition statement indicates a change in the subject matter or a change in physical medium,
This is a change over past practice where changes in edition statements were always considered minor.make a new description.
Major changes:
North American ed. ® North and Central American ed. {change in scope}
Health professional/researcher ® Health industry
Minor changes:
Doctor’s ed. ® Physician’s ed.
International ed. ® International version
16.4.3. Type of resource: newspapers and monographic series
Do not make a new record when a serial changes its format from a newspaper to a regular serial (or vice versa) or from a serial to a monographic series (or vice versa). Instead, give the information in a note. In the case of a newspaper, leave the serial type code as "n."(fixed field 008/21) In the case of a monographic series/serial, the serial type code may be updated to reflect the most recent format.
Ser tp: n
130 0# $a Looking glass (Hatfield, Ark.)
245 14 $a The looking glass.
260 ## $a Hatfield, Ark. : $b Gene Owen, $c [1975]-
310 ## $a Monthly, $b July 1976-
321 ## $a Weekly, $b Apr. 3, 1975-June 17, 1976
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1 (Apr. 3, 1975)-
500 ## $a Published as a weekly newspaper, 1975-June 1976; as a monthly magazine, July 1976-
This is a change over past practice where changes in edition statements were always considered minor.
Lcri 21.3B. Serials
3) The edition statement changes (see rule 12.1F1) and the change indicates a change in subject matter or a change in physical medium.
Aacr2 12.1F1.
Ceg 260 field Subfield $b is always preceded by a space-colon- space ( : ).
ccm 7.2.4. Variant titles that are minor title changes
AACR2 21.2C2b lists the categories of minor changes to the title proper. Once a change is determined to be minor, decide how to note the change. Some form of note should always be given, whether it be explicit (e.g., "Some issues have title: ..." (246)) or general (e.g. "Title varies slightly" (500)). Consider the value of providing the additional access when deciding whether to give a 246 field for the minor change. If the change affects searching or if it is thought that another cataloger might consider the change to be major, prefer giving the change explicitly to show that you have determined it to be minor. When an added entry (246) is needed, the minor change is given explicitly in the note. If no added entry is necessary, a "Title varies slightly" note may suffice.
245 10 $a Annual report / $c California Military Institute. {made up example}
246 1# $i Some issues have title: $a Annual report of the California Military Institute
245 00 $a Freeport daily journal.
246 1# $i Alternate issues published with title: $a Chicago daily telegraph
but ...
In cataloging record:
245 00 $a Water quality data summary statistics.
On later issue: Water quality data summary statistics for the year 1990
Added to record:
500 ## $a Title varies slightly.
For more information on minor changes and further examples, see Module 16.
In some cases, there may already be a 246 field present, created under the provisions of LCRI 21.30J (see CCM 7.2.3. above). For example, the original title contained an ampersand and a 246 was given using the spelled out form "and". In later issues the ampersand is replaced on the piece by "and". In this case, a 500 "Title varies slightly" note will suffice.
If the changes occur after the first five words in a long title and have little significance, prefer the "Title varies slightly" note.
CCM 7.2.3. Variant titles that provide access to different forms of words in titles given in field 245 or 246
If the title proper or a variant title contains words that the user might search in a different form, give a 246 field using the variant form. Such access may be given for compound words, spelled out forms of symbols, such as "and" for "&", and spelled out numbers, etc. Give an added entry, in most cases, but do not give a note when this form of the title does not appear elsewhere on the piece (246 3#). LCRI 21.30J lists the situations in which added entries may be given. While you do not have to give every possible added entry, the LCRI says "when in doubt, be liberal in assigning additional title added entries."
Give added entries when the following situations occur within the first five words of the title (excluding initial articles)
a. Abbreviations
Give word(s) spelled out.
245 00 $a St. Louis directory of ...
246 3# $a Saint Louis directory of ...
b. Ampersand (&)
Give as "and" (or equivalent in another language).
245 00 $a Catalogue & index.
246 3# $a Catalogue and index
c. Compound and hyphenated words
Give as one word, two words, or both, as appropriate. (Note: This is generally needed only for online searching. Systems vary in their treatment of hyphenated words. For example, OCLC treats a hyphenated word as one word in a truncated search and as two words in a title browse.)
245 00 $a Forest products year-book. {made up example}
246 2# $a Forest products year book
246 2# $a Forest products yearbook
d. Letters and initialisms (including acronyms)
If an initialism contains punctuation or spaces between the letters, give a variant title omitting the punctuation or spaces; do not make an added entry to add spaces or punctuation.
245 00 $a A.-G. Chemie ...
246 3# $a AG Chemie
245 00 $a AADE editor's journal.
{no 246 for A.A.D.E. editor's journal}
The spelled out form of the initialism or acronym may be given when this can be determined. Note: This form of access is not called for in LCRI 21.30J and is optional. It is most useful when the initialism is not well known or might be misinterpreted and the spelled out form
This type of title was formerly given in field 212.is not given elsewhere in the record. Give this type of access only when considered useful, not routinely.
245 00 $a CD computing news.
246 2# $a Compact disc computing news
245 00 $a CD rateline.
246 2# $a Certificate of deposit rateline
e. Numbers and dates
In cases where a number has been given as part of the title proper, give an added entry for the spelled-out form, and for the Arabic numeral if the number was given as a Roman numeral. (Fig. 7.11.)
245 00 $a 2 AM magazine.
246 3# $a Two AM magazine
Fig. 7.11.
f. Signs and symbols
If a sign or symbol can be given in the title proper (e.g., +), give an added entry for the word represented by the sign or symbol (e.g., plus) in the language of the title proper. For signs and symbols that cannot be represented, see CCM 6.1.3.b.
245 00 $a Denturo +.
246 3# $a Denturo y
g. "Commonly known as" titles
In cases where a serial is conventionally known by a variant title that does not appear on the piece, consider providing an added entry for the title together with a note (AACR2 12.7B4.1).
245 00 $a Library of Congress information bulletin.
246 1# $i Commonly known as: $a LCIB
When a title exemplifies several of the conditions that would warrant an added entry according to LCRI 21.30J, determine which will be most useful and try to combine when possible.
245 00 $a Year-book & calendar of events {made up example}
246 3# $a Yearbook and calendar of events
7.2.4. Variant titles that are minor title changes
AACR2 21.2C2b lists the categories of minor changes to the title proper. Once a change is determined to be minor, decide how to note the change. Some form of note should always be given, whether it be explicit (e.g., "Some issues have title: ..." (246)) or general (e.g. "Title varies slightly" (500)). Consider the value of providing the additional access when deciding whether to give a 246 field for the minor change. If the change affects searching or if it is thought that another cataloger might consider the change to be major, prefer giving the change explicitly to show that you have determined it to be minor. When an added entry (246) is needed, the minor change is given explicitly in the note. If no added entry is necessary, a "Title varies slightly" note may suffice.
245 10 $a Annual report / $c California Military Institute. {made up example}
246 1# $i Some issues have title: $a Annual report of the California Military Institute
245 00 $a Freeport daily journal.
246 1# $i Alternate issues published with title: $a Chicago daily telegraph
but ...
In cataloging record:
245 00 $a Water quality data summary statistics.
On later issue: Water quality data summary statistics for the year 1990
Added to record:
500 ## $a Title varies slightly.
For more information on minor changes and further examples, see Module 16.
In some cases, there may already be a 246 field present, created under the provisions of LCRI 21.30J (see CCM 7.2.3. above). For example, the original title contained an ampersand and a 246 was given using the spelled out form "and". In later issues the ampersand is replaced on the piece by "and". In this case, a 500 "Title varies slightly" note will suffice.
If the changes occur after the first five words in a long title and have little significance, prefer the "Title varies slightly" note.
CCM 7.2.2. b. Caption title. (Field 246 2nd indicator "6")
Definitions given in italics are taken from AACR2.A title given at the beginning of the first page of the text. The table of contents and editorial pages are not considered to be text; therefore, a variant title appearing on these pages is coded as "other title" (see below) rather than "caption title." Do not confuse the variant form “caption title” with the "Title from caption" note that is used when there is no cover or title page and the caption is the chief source.
Caption title. A title given at the beginning of the first page of the text. (AACR2)
Masthead. A statement of title, ownership, editors, etc., of a newspaper or periodical. In the case of newspapers it is commonly found on the editorial page or at the top of page one, and, in the case of periodicals, on the contents page. (AACR2)
CCM 7.2.2. g. Other title. (Field 246 2nd indicator "3")
A title appearing on a source that is not covered by those listed above. The general term "other title" is most often used for a variant title appearing in the masthead or on the contents or editorial page. Consider titles appearing on a page that precedes the title page (a "half-title") or a binder's title (i.e., binding is not that of the publisher) to be "other titles." Include also in this category cover titles that are not the chief source and are found in an inverted format on bilingual serials. Do not consider titles found on the chief source to be "other title"; these titles are recorded as other title information, in an "At head of title" or general note, or are not recorded at all.
245 00 $a Chevrolet Caprice, Monte Carlo, El Camino service manual.
246 30 $a Caprice, Monte Carlo, El Camino service manual
246 13 $a Service manual covering Caprice, Monte Carlo and El Camino
Friday, March 26, 2010
Thursday, March 25, 2010
CCM9.4. Use of the edition statement with other fields in the record
9.4.1. Uniform title
LC serial catalogers will still consult SARs when testing for conflict per updates to LCRI 25.5B reflecting LC series policy change of June 2006.
When serial editions have the same title, a uniform title is required to distinguish them according to LCRI 25.5B
LC serial catalogers will still consult SARs when testing for conflict per updates to LCRI 25.5B reflecting LC series policy change of June 2006.
. When the uniform title is required and all other information is the same, the edition statement is most often used as the qualifier and is recorded as it appears in field 250. For further information on uniform titles for language editions, see Module 5.
130 0# $a Super science (Red ed.)
245 10 $a Super science.
250 ## $a Red ed.
260 ## $a New York, NY : $b Scholastic, Inc.
130 00 $a Super science (Blue ed.)
245 10 $a Super science.
250 ## $a Blue ed.
260 ## $a New York, NY : $b Scholastic, Inc.
LC serial catalogers will still consult SARs when testing for conflict per updates to LCRI 25.5B reflecting LC series policy change of June 2006.
When serial editions have the same title, a uniform title is required to distinguish them according to LCRI 25.5B
LC serial catalogers will still consult SARs when testing for conflict per updates to LCRI 25.5B reflecting LC series policy change of June 2006.
. When the uniform title is required and all other information is the same, the edition statement is most often used as the qualifier and is recorded as it appears in field 250. For further information on uniform titles for language editions, see Module 5.
130 0# $a Super science (Red ed.)
245 10 $a Super science.
250 ## $a Red ed.
260 ## $a New York, NY : $b Scholastic, Inc.
130 00 $a Super science (Blue ed.)
245 10 $a Super science.
250 ## $a Blue ed.
260 ## $a New York, NY : $b Scholastic, Inc.
AACR2 12.7B23. Item described
12.7B23. Item described
12.7B23. Item described
If the description is not based on the first issue or part or on the first iteration, make a note.
a) Serials
i) Numbered serials. Make a note of the issue or part upon which the description is based. If more than one issue or part has been consulted, make a note of the latest issue or part consulted in making the description. Combine information about earliest and latest issues or parts consulted in a single note if both are appropriate. Do not make a note of earliest and/or latest issues or parts recorded in the numbering area.
Description based on: Vol. 1, no. 3 (Aug. 1999); title from cover
(Item described note combined with source of title proper note)
Description based on: No. 8 (Jan./June 1997); latest issue consulted: no. 12 (Jan./June 1999)
Latest issue consulted: 2001/3
(Description based on 1991/1, the first issue)
ii) Unnumbered serials. Make a note of the earliest issue or part consulted (referring to it as instructed in 12.7A2) and its date of publication. If other issues or parts have also been consulted and the latest issue or part can be identified, also give the latest issue or part consulted and its date.
Description based on: Labor and economic reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1995
Description based on: The wood demon / by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ; translated by Nicholas Saunders and Frank Dwyer, 1993; latest issue consulted: Ibsen : four major plays / translated by Rick Davis and Brian Johnson, 1995
b) Integrating resources.
Make a note of the latest iteration consulted in making the description.
Description based on: 1994 ed. through update 10
Description based on version consulted: Oct. 26, 2000
For remote access resources, always give the date on which the resource was viewed for description.
Description based on contents viewed on Oct. 21, 1999
Title from title bar (viewed on Jan. 13, 2000)
(Item described note combined with source of title proper note)
12.7B23. Item described
If the description is not based on the first issue or part or on the first iteration, make a note.
a) Serials
i) Numbered serials. Make a note of the issue or part upon which the description is based. If more than one issue or part has been consulted, make a note of the latest issue or part consulted in making the description. Combine information about earliest and latest issues or parts consulted in a single note if both are appropriate. Do not make a note of earliest and/or latest issues or parts recorded in the numbering area.
Description based on: Vol. 1, no. 3 (Aug. 1999); title from cover
(Item described note combined with source of title proper note)
Description based on: No. 8 (Jan./June 1997); latest issue consulted: no. 12 (Jan./June 1999)
Latest issue consulted: 2001/3
(Description based on 1991/1, the first issue)
ii) Unnumbered serials. Make a note of the earliest issue or part consulted (referring to it as instructed in 12.7A2) and its date of publication. If other issues or parts have also been consulted and the latest issue or part can be identified, also give the latest issue or part consulted and its date.
Description based on: Labor and economic reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1995
Description based on: The wood demon / by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ; translated by Nicholas Saunders and Frank Dwyer, 1993; latest issue consulted: Ibsen : four major plays / translated by Rick Davis and Brian Johnson, 1995
b) Integrating resources.
Make a note of the latest iteration consulted in making the description.
Description based on: 1994 ed. through update 10
Description based on version consulted: Oct. 26, 2000
For remote access resources, always give the date on which the resource was viewed for description.
Description based on contents viewed on Oct. 21, 1999
Title from title bar (viewed on Jan. 13, 2000)
(Item described note combined with source of title proper note)
CEG, linking field, $w,$x
w Record control number.
This subfield is used to include a control number in the linking field. Subfield $w may be used in any linking entry field and is repeatable. The control numbers are taken from the following fields of the related record: 001, 010, or 016. The control number should always be preceded by the MARC code of the library or system to which the control number applies. The MARC code must be enclosed in parentheses.
Record control numbers are given only when the related record appears on OCLC. More than one control number may be given, but only the LCCN and OCLC control number are required. (Exception: record control numbers are not input when the linking entry is made for a print title which preceded a later online version. See example in CCM 31.20.4.) If the related record is authenticated, the LCCN (field 010, NUC symbol DLC) must be given. The OCLC control number (field 001, NUC symbol OCoLC) is always given since links are now clickable on OCLC. The Canadiana control number (field 016, NUC symbol CaOONL) may be given but is not mandatory. When more than one control number is given in a link, the order is not prescribed.
Per recommendation from the final report submitted by the PCC Standing Committee on Automation, Task Group on Linking Entries, "Final Report" (http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/archive/tglnkentr-rpt05.pdf) catalogers should record multiple linking entry numbers in linking entry fields, when known, in order to facilitate the goal of true hyperlinking. Record control numbers are given only when the related record appears on OCLC. (Exception: record control numbers are not input when the linking entry is made for a print title that preceded a later online version. See example in CCM 31.20.4.) If the related record is authenticated, the LCCN (field 010, MARC code DLC) must be given. The OCLC control number (field 001, MARC code OCoLC) is always given since OCLC control numbers in the Connexion browser are "hot linked" to retrieve related records. The Canadiana control number (field 016, MARC code CaOONL) may also given. When more than one control number is given in a link, the order is not prescribed. (Note: When OCLC runs a macro to check the structure of elements in 760-787 subfield $w's, as part of this quality control check, the (DLC) $w is placed before the (OCoLC) $w.)
1. Instructions for inputting the LCCN (from field 010 of related record).
The LCCN in subfield $w of a linking entry field corresponds to that in field 010 subfield $a of the related record; but the form input in subfield $w is not the one used in OCLC field 010. Instead, it is, approximately, the machine-readable form of the LCCN. Accordingly, there are differences in how the post-2000 and pre-2001 formats of LCCN are recorded in subfield $w. (See CEG 010 for guidelines on OCLC field 010. See Appendix P for information on formats of the machine-readable LCCN.)
Post-2000 LCCN format:
a) Always input the MARC code "DLC" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Input two leading blank spaces between the symbol "(DLC)" and the year information if the LCCN has no prefix. If the LCCN has a two-character prefix, input no blank spaces between the prefix and the year numbers.
c) Input the four-digit year information.
d) Do not input a hyphen.
e) Input the six-digit number. Input leading zeros where necessary.
776 1# $t ESAIM. Control, optimisation and calculus of variations $x 1292-8119 $w (DLC) 2001203401 $w (OCoLC)45723846
780 00 $t Greater Niles Center news $w (DLC)sn2001061303 $w (OCoLC)45762825
785 00 Public Utilities Commission of Nevada. $t Biennial report $w (OCoLC)42671476 $w (DLC) 2001202263
785 00 $t Freedom watch (Toronto, Ont.) $w (DLC)cn2001390000 $w (OCoLC)45400852
Pre-2001 LCCN format:
a) Always input the MARC code "DLC" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Input three leading blank spaces between the symbol "(DLC)" and the year numbers if the LCCN has no prefix. If the LCCN has a prefix of fewer than three characters, leave the appropriate number of blank spaces following the prefix.
c) Input the two-digit year information.
d) Do not input a hyphen.
e) Input the six-digit number. Input leading zeros where necessary.
f) Do not input trailing blank following the number. (If trailing blank is input, the OCLC system removes it.)
g) Do not input alphabetic identifiers and/or revision dates.
780 00 $t Techniques of biochemical and biophysical morphology $w (DLC) 72000153
780 00 $t Review of existential psychology & psychiatry $w (DLC)sf 77000170
780 00 $t Journal of neurosurgery $w (DLC)med47001541
785 00 $t Bread and other bakery products. $x 0575-7967 $w (DLC)ce 84079118 $w (CaOONL)840791186E
2. Instructions for inputting the Canadiana number (from field 016).
a) Input the number preceded by the MARC code "CaOONL" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Do not input any spaces between the closing parentheses and the number.
775 1# $t Décormag $g hiver 1978/79- $x 0707-1698 $w (DLC)cn 79031036 $w (CaOONL)79031068
Note: A ce-, cf-, or cn-prefixed control number in field 010 is an LCCN and is also given with NUC symbol "DLC."
3. Instructions for inputting the OCLC control number (from field 001).
a) Input the MARC code "OCoLC" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Input the OCLC control number of the related record. Leave no spaces between the symbol "(OCoLC)" and the control number.
780 00 $t Institute report (Letterman Army Institute of Research) $w (OCoLC)3067999
Linking to latest entry records (See C10)
Linking to LAC French-language records
CONSER members should not link LAC French-language cataloging records to English-language cataloging records, or vice versa. Only LAC may provide links between French-language cataloging records, or between French-language and English-language cataloging records that are authenticated by LAC only. Links to LAC French-language cataloging records will be deleted from records subsequently authenticated by LC or NSDP.
$x International Standard Serial Number.
Contains the ISSN from field 022 of the related record.
1) For U.S. or Canadian titles, the ISSN should be included only when the related record has been authenticated by NSDP or ISSN Canada.
2) For foreign titles, the ISSN should be included when it is available either in the related record or the ISSN Register.
Related record:
022 ##
130 0#
222 04
0002-2756
Airman (Washington, D.C.)
The Airman
Linking entry:
[765-787]
$t Airman (Washington, D.C.) $x 0002-2756
Do not input the term "ISSN" in subfield $x. It can be generated on output via a user's print program.
$y Coden designation.
Contains the CODEN from field 030 of the related record. Do not input the term "CODEN" in subfield $y. It can be generated on output via a user's display program.
a) Input the first five characters plus the check digit in uppercase, if available.
b) Delete any hyphen between the 4th and 5th characters.
c) Omit any spacing between characters.
780 00 $t Illinois journal of mathematics $y IJMTAW $w (DLC) 59003745
$z International Standard Book Number.
Contains the ISBN from field 020 of the related record. Do not input the term "ISBN" in subfield $z; the term may be generated on output via a user's display program.
$6 Linkage.
For instructions on the use of subfield $6, see Field 880.
$7 Control subfield.
The control subfield contains up to four, one-character codes that may include:
a) Type of main entry name given in subfield $a;
b) Form of name given in subfield $a;
c) The type of bibliographic record from Leader/06 of the related record, and;
d) The bibliographic level from Leader/07 of the related record.
Subfield $7 is an optional subfield and is not currently used for CONSER input.
Special instructions–Numerous related records
In cases where numerous titles are related to the resource, each cataloged separately, it may be impractical to list each in a separate linking field. When this occurs, the following method may be applied.
a) Create a 580 note providing an explanation of the related titles associated with the resource.
b) If each related title has the same common title, give the common title in the linking field. Use the mark of omission for the section title. Add the LC control number (or the OCLC control if there is no LC number) of each related title in separate subfields $w.
c) If the related titles do not have a common title, give as much information as possible in the 580 field and omit the linking fields.
245 00 World agriculture outlook & situation.
580 ## Vols. for 1982- have numerous supplements covering various geographic world areas: Western Europe, Eastern Europe, USSR, Asia, South Asia, China, Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Western Hemisphere, North America and Oceania, Latin America, etc. Supplements have common title: Review of agriculture in … and outlook for …, 1982; World agriculture regional supplement, 1983-
770 1# $t Review of agriculture in … and outlook for … $w (DLC) 82645567 $w (DLC) 83641501 $w (DLC) 84644070 $w (DLC)sc 83002053 $w (DLC) 83641487 $w (DLC)sc 83007067 $w (DLC) 8347862 $w (OCoLC)9476625
770 1# $t World agriculture regional supplement … $w (DLC) 84644204 $w (DLC) 84642744 $w (DLC) 84644205 $w (DLC) 83647919 $w (DLC) 84642701 $w (OCoLC)10196053 $w (OCoLC)10191180 $w (OCoLC)10216626 $w (OCoLC)6559094
$x International Standard Serial Number.
Contains the ISSN from field 022 of the related record.
1) For U.S. or Canadian titles, the ISSN should be included only when the related record has been authenticated by NSDP or ISSN Canada.
2) For foreign titles, the ISSN should be included when it is available either in the related record or the ISSN Register.
Related record:
022 ##
130 0#
222 04
0002-2756
Airman (Washington, D.C.)
The Airman
Linking entry:
[765-787]
$t Airman (Washington, D.C.) $x 0002-2756
Do not input the term "ISSN" in subfield $x. It can be generated on output via a user's print program.
This subfield is used to include a control number in the linking field. Subfield $w may be used in any linking entry field and is repeatable. The control numbers are taken from the following fields of the related record: 001, 010, or 016. The control number should always be preceded by the MARC code of the library or system to which the control number applies. The MARC code must be enclosed in parentheses.
Record control numbers are given only when the related record appears on OCLC. More than one control number may be given, but only the LCCN and OCLC control number are required. (Exception: record control numbers are not input when the linking entry is made for a print title which preceded a later online version. See example in CCM 31.20.4.) If the related record is authenticated, the LCCN (field 010, NUC symbol DLC) must be given. The OCLC control number (field 001, NUC symbol OCoLC) is always given since links are now clickable on OCLC. The Canadiana control number (field 016, NUC symbol CaOONL) may be given but is not mandatory. When more than one control number is given in a link, the order is not prescribed.
Per recommendation from the final report submitted by the PCC Standing Committee on Automation, Task Group on Linking Entries, "Final Report" (http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/archive/tglnkentr-rpt05.pdf) catalogers should record multiple linking entry numbers in linking entry fields, when known, in order to facilitate the goal of true hyperlinking. Record control numbers are given only when the related record appears on OCLC. (Exception: record control numbers are not input when the linking entry is made for a print title that preceded a later online version. See example in CCM 31.20.4.) If the related record is authenticated, the LCCN (field 010, MARC code DLC) must be given. The OCLC control number (field 001, MARC code OCoLC) is always given since OCLC control numbers in the Connexion browser are "hot linked" to retrieve related records. The Canadiana control number (field 016, MARC code CaOONL) may also given. When more than one control number is given in a link, the order is not prescribed. (Note: When OCLC runs a macro to check the structure of elements in 760-787 subfield $w's, as part of this quality control check, the (DLC) $w is placed before the (OCoLC) $w.)
1. Instructions for inputting the LCCN (from field 010 of related record).
The LCCN in subfield $w of a linking entry field corresponds to that in field 010 subfield $a of the related record; but the form input in subfield $w is not the one used in OCLC field 010. Instead, it is, approximately, the machine-readable form of the LCCN. Accordingly, there are differences in how the post-2000 and pre-2001 formats of LCCN are recorded in subfield $w. (See CEG 010 for guidelines on OCLC field 010. See Appendix P for information on formats of the machine-readable LCCN.)
Post-2000 LCCN format:
a) Always input the MARC code "DLC" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Input two leading blank spaces between the symbol "(DLC)" and the year information if the LCCN has no prefix. If the LCCN has a two-character prefix, input no blank spaces between the prefix and the year numbers.
c) Input the four-digit year information.
d) Do not input a hyphen.
e) Input the six-digit number. Input leading zeros where necessary.
776 1# $t ESAIM. Control, optimisation and calculus of variations $x 1292-8119 $w (DLC) 2001203401 $w (OCoLC)45723846
780 00 $t Greater Niles Center news $w (DLC)sn2001061303 $w (OCoLC)45762825
785 00 Public Utilities Commission of Nevada. $t Biennial report $w (OCoLC)42671476 $w (DLC) 2001202263
785 00 $t Freedom watch (Toronto, Ont.) $w (DLC)cn2001390000 $w (OCoLC)45400852
Pre-2001 LCCN format:
a) Always input the MARC code "DLC" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Input three leading blank spaces between the symbol "(DLC)" and the year numbers if the LCCN has no prefix. If the LCCN has a prefix of fewer than three characters, leave the appropriate number of blank spaces following the prefix.
c) Input the two-digit year information.
d) Do not input a hyphen.
e) Input the six-digit number. Input leading zeros where necessary.
f) Do not input trailing blank following the number. (If trailing blank is input, the OCLC system removes it.)
g) Do not input alphabetic identifiers and/or revision dates.
780 00 $t Techniques of biochemical and biophysical morphology $w (DLC) 72000153
780 00 $t Review of existential psychology & psychiatry $w (DLC)sf 77000170
780 00 $t Journal of neurosurgery $w (DLC)med47001541
785 00 $t Bread and other bakery products. $x 0575-7967 $w (DLC)ce 84079118 $w (CaOONL)840791186E
2. Instructions for inputting the Canadiana number (from field 016).
a) Input the number preceded by the MARC code "CaOONL" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Do not input any spaces between the closing parentheses and the number.
775 1# $t Décormag $g hiver 1978/79- $x 0707-1698 $w (DLC)cn 79031036 $w (CaOONL)79031068
Note: A ce-, cf-, or cn-prefixed control number in field 010 is an LCCN and is also given with NUC symbol "DLC."
3. Instructions for inputting the OCLC control number (from field 001).
a) Input the MARC code "OCoLC" enclosed within parentheses.
b) Input the OCLC control number of the related record. Leave no spaces between the symbol "(OCoLC)" and the control number.
780 00 $t Institute report (Letterman Army Institute of Research) $w (OCoLC)3067999
Linking to latest entry records (See C10)
Linking to LAC French-language records
CONSER members should not link LAC French-language cataloging records to English-language cataloging records, or vice versa. Only LAC may provide links between French-language cataloging records, or between French-language and English-language cataloging records that are authenticated by LAC only. Links to LAC French-language cataloging records will be deleted from records subsequently authenticated by LC or NSDP.
$x International Standard Serial Number.
Contains the ISSN from field 022 of the related record.
1) For U.S. or Canadian titles, the ISSN should be included only when the related record has been authenticated by NSDP or ISSN Canada.
2) For foreign titles, the ISSN should be included when it is available either in the related record or the ISSN Register.
Related record:
022 ##
130 0#
222 04
0002-2756
Airman (Washington, D.C.)
The Airman
Linking entry:
[765-787]
$t Airman (Washington, D.C.) $x 0002-2756
Do not input the term "ISSN" in subfield $x. It can be generated on output via a user's print program.
$y Coden designation.
Contains the CODEN from field 030 of the related record. Do not input the term "CODEN" in subfield $y. It can be generated on output via a user's display program.
a) Input the first five characters plus the check digit in uppercase, if available.
b) Delete any hyphen between the 4th and 5th characters.
c) Omit any spacing between characters.
780 00 $t Illinois journal of mathematics $y IJMTAW $w (DLC) 59003745
$z International Standard Book Number.
Contains the ISBN from field 020 of the related record. Do not input the term "ISBN" in subfield $z; the term may be generated on output via a user's display program.
$6 Linkage.
For instructions on the use of subfield $6, see Field 880.
$7 Control subfield.
The control subfield contains up to four, one-character codes that may include:
a) Type of main entry name given in subfield $a;
b) Form of name given in subfield $a;
c) The type of bibliographic record from Leader/06 of the related record, and;
d) The bibliographic level from Leader/07 of the related record.
Subfield $7 is an optional subfield and is not currently used for CONSER input.
Special instructions–Numerous related records
In cases where numerous titles are related to the resource, each cataloged separately, it may be impractical to list each in a separate linking field. When this occurs, the following method may be applied.
a) Create a 580 note providing an explanation of the related titles associated with the resource.
b) If each related title has the same common title, give the common title in the linking field. Use the mark of omission for the section title. Add the LC control number (or the OCLC control if there is no LC number) of each related title in separate subfields $w.
c) If the related titles do not have a common title, give as much information as possible in the 580 field and omit the linking fields.
245 00 World agriculture outlook & situation.
580 ## Vols. for 1982- have numerous supplements covering various geographic world areas: Western Europe, Eastern Europe, USSR, Asia, South Asia, China, Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Western Hemisphere, North America and Oceania, Latin America, etc. Supplements have common title: Review of agriculture in … and outlook for …, 1982; World agriculture regional supplement, 1983-
770 1# $t Review of agriculture in … and outlook for … $w (DLC) 82645567 $w (DLC) 83641501 $w (DLC) 84644070 $w (DLC)sc 83002053 $w (DLC) 83641487 $w (DLC)sc 83007067 $w (DLC) 8347862 $w (OCoLC)9476625
770 1# $t World agriculture regional supplement … $w (DLC) 84644204 $w (DLC) 84642744 $w (DLC) 84644205 $w (DLC) 83647919 $w (DLC) 84642701 $w (OCoLC)10196053 $w (OCoLC)10191180 $w (OCoLC)10216626 $w (OCoLC)6559094
$x International Standard Serial Number.
Contains the ISSN from field 022 of the related record.
1) For U.S. or Canadian titles, the ISSN should be included only when the related record has been authenticated by NSDP or ISSN Canada.
2) For foreign titles, the ISSN should be included when it is available either in the related record or the ISSN Register.
Related record:
022 ##
130 0#
222 04
0002-2756
Airman (Washington, D.C.)
The Airman
Linking entry:
[765-787]
$t Airman (Washington, D.C.) $x 0002-2756
Do not input the term "ISSN" in subfield $x. It can be generated on output via a user's print program.
CCM 14.2. Chronological relationships (Fields 780/785)
14.2.1. Continues/Continued by (Fields 780 X0/785 X0) (AACR2 12.7B8a)
Aspects of the relationship:
Serial A changes to serial B; serial A ceases to exist
Under earlier rules when the numbering started over the term "supersedes" and "superseded by" were used. These terms and their equivalent indicator values (2 and 3) are still included in the MARC format and the CEG but they are not used in AACR2 records.
Numbering may continue or start over again
(Note: The AACR2 optional provision to add the date to a continued by note is not used in CONSER records.)
Linking entry fields:
Serial A: one 785 X0 field
Serial B: one 780 X0 field
Aspects of the relationship:
Serial A changes to serial B; serial A ceases to exist
Under earlier rules when the numbering started over the term "supersedes" and "superseded by" were used. These terms and their equivalent indicator values (2 and 3) are still included in the MARC format and the CEG but they are not used in AACR2 records.
Numbering may continue or start over again
(Note: The AACR2 optional provision to add the date to a continued by note is not used in CONSER records.)
Linking entry fields:
Serial A: one 785 X0 field
Serial B: one 780 X0 field
NOTES
LCRI 12.7B1. Frequency
LC/PCC practice: Make a note on the known frequency of a serial or of the updates to an integrating resource even if the frequency is apparent from the rest of the description.
CCM 13.3. Frequency notes (Fields 310/321)
13.3.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B1)
The current frequency is expressed in
Field 310 is optional in the CONSER core record but is mandatory for all LC core or full records.
field 310 and also in fixed field 008/18 "FREQ." The regularity of issuance is expressed in fixed field 008/19 "REGULR" and sometimes in qualifying information added to field 310 or 321. If the frequency has changed, the former frequency(ies) is given in field 321. For instructions on input, see CEG 310/321. For a list of the appropriate terms to be used, see CEG 008/18.
When known, CONSER catalogers give the current frequency in all cases, even when the frequency is already contained in the title (LCRI 12.7B1). This policy was set for the benefit of reference librarians who requested eye-readable information in the record. Other catalogers may omit the frequency note when information given elsewhere in the record is considered adequate. The frequency is also taking on an added importance with increased use of the MARC 21 holdings standard for creation of publication patterns.
13.3.2. Sources of information
The frequency is taken from information found in the piece or supplied by the publisher or from evidence of issues already published. If there is no stated frequency, give the probable frequency when there is sufficient evidence to indicate the publishing pattern. Do not use a question mark. If the frequency is unknown, omit field 310 and code the fixed field bytes as "u/u".
Sometimes the frequency requires further explanation to account for stated irregularities in the publishing pattern. Such information is generally taken from the piece but may also be supplied and is given in parentheses following the frequency.
310 ## $a Monthly (except July-Aug.)
310 ## $a Biweekly (Apr.-Sept.)
When cataloging with a run of a serial in hand, you may find that the actual publishing pattern varies considerably from the stated frequency. In general, give the stated frequency. In cases where it is obvious that the stated frequency is not the actual frequency, as evidenced by a number of issues and the numbering of those issues, give the actual frequency when it can be determined.
Stated frequency in piece:
Monthly
Evidence from issues over a 3 year period:
2 or 3 issues a year
310 ## $a Two or three issues a year
Fixed field: Freq = f / Regulr = x
13.3.3. Terminology
The list of frequencies in 008/18-19 does not include all possible frequencies. When a serial is issued according to a frequency not on the list, construct a frequency statement using terms such as "... no. a year" or "... issues a year."
310 ## $a Four no. a year
310 ## $a Four times a year
310 ## $a Four issues a year
"Four no." would imply that the serial is numbered; however, some numbers may be combined. "Four times" or "Four issues" indicates that there are four separate pieces received regardless of the numbering. This is based on the individual serial and is a matter of cataloger's judgment.
Note: Do not confuse the frequency with the designation system of the serial. For instance, Time is a weekly that has two volumes each year, each with its own internal numbering. The frequency is determined by the pattern of issuance of the issues, not their numbering.
When supplying parenthetical information, try to use the publisher's terminology when clear and succinct.
310 ## $a Biweekly (during the school year)
310 ## $a Semiweekly (May-Aug.)
If there is more than one frequency in a given year, the other frequencies are indicated in parentheses.
310 ## $a Monthly (bimonthly June-Sept.)
13.3.4. Designations and former frequencies
Field 321 is used for former frequencies. When this field is given, a designation must be also included in all of the frequency fields (310 and 321). As with other notes, dates are generally given but numbers may also be used. When the exact date range is unknown, give what is known in angle brackets. Do not give field 321 without field 310. Do not include a designation when only the current frequency is given in field 310 since it is assumed that this is the frequency for all issues beginning with the first. If the serial has changed its frequency many times, you may give only the current frequency and use a "Frequency varies" note in field 321. For more information, see CEG 310/321.
310 ## $a Monthly, $b Aug. 1976-
321 ## $a Bimonthly, $b June 1, 1967-July 15, 1976
310 ## $a Annual, $b 1991-
321 ## $a Frequency varies, $b Aug. 1987-1990
AACR2 12.7B3
12.7B3. Source of title proper
For printed resources, make a note on the source of the title proper if it is taken from a title page substitute. For nonprint resources, follow the instructions in subrule .7B3 in the chapter dealing with the type of material to which the resource belongs.
Title from cover
Title from caption
Title from binder
Title from CD-ROM label
Title from title screen (viewed on Jan. 20, 2000)
(Source of title proper note combined with item described note)
Title from home page (viewed on Dec. 18, 1999)
(Source of title proper note combined with item described note)
AACR2 12.7B7.1.
Make notes on statements of responsibility that do not appear in the title and statement of responsibility area if considered to be important.
Official journal of: Concrete Products Association, Oct. 1920-Apr. 1930
Give a fuller form of name of a person or body that appears only in abbreviated form in the rest of the description if the fuller form is considered to be necessary.
Full name of the institute: Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada
(Title proper: Journal of the Professional Institute)
Issued by: Abortion Law Reform Association
(Title and statement of responsibility: Occasional newsletter [GMD] / Alra)
Give the name of any editor considered to be an important means of identifying the serial (e.g., if a particular person edited the serial for all or most of its existence; if the person’s name is likely to be better known than the title of the serial).
Editor: Wyndham Lewis
Founded, edited, and published by Jean-Paul Sartre
CEG CONSER Editing Guide
550 Issuing body note (R)
First and second indicators
# Undefined
Subfields
a Issuing body note (NR)
6 Linkage (NR)
Description/Instructions
Field 550 refers to current and former issuing bodies. Field 550 is generally used for issuing bodies traced in a 7XX added entry field. The field explains their relationship to the publication and justifies the 7XX added entries. Notes relating to commercial publishers, distributors, or places of publication are tagged 500.
Use field 550 for the following types of issuing body notes:
1. Notes providing the current issuing body when it is not included in the statement of responsibility or imprint.
260 ## Washington : $b Columbia Press, $c 1875-1878.
550 ## Organ of the Potomac-side Naturalists' Club.
710 2# Potomac-side Naturalists' Club.
260 ## Salzburg, Oesterreich : $b Zaunrith'sche Buch-, Kunst- und Steindruckerei
550 ## Issued by: Anthropos-Institut, 1935-
710 2# Anthropos-Institut.
2. Notes for joint issuing bodies.
260 ## Paris : $b Centre de documentation C.N.R.S., $c 1969-
550 ## Issued with: Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières, 1972-
710 2# Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France). $b Centre de documentation.
710 1# France. $b Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières.
3. Notes for former or later issuing bodies.
260 ## Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
550 ## Issued by: Bureau of Statistics (Dept. of the Treasury), 1878-1902; by: Bureau of Statistics (Dept. of Commerce and Labor), 1903-1911; by: Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, 1912-1937; by: Bureau of the Census, 1938-
710 1# United States. $b Bureau of the Census.
710 1# United States. $b Dept. of the Treasury. $b Bureau of Statistics.
710 1# United States. $b Dept. of Commerce and Labor. $b Bureau of Statistics.
710 1# United States. $b Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.
260 ## London ; $a New York : $b Macmillan
550 ## Issued by: British Economic Association, 1891-1902; by: Royal Economic Society, 1903-
710 2# British Economic Association.
710 2# Royal Economic Society (Great Britain)
550 ## Issued by: Dept. of Health and Welfare, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 1964-1977; by: Dept. of Health and Social Services, Bureau of Vital Records, 1978-
710 1# Alaska. $b Bureau of Vital Statistics.
710 1# Alaska. $b Bureau of Vital Records.
4. Notes for sponsoring bodies.
260 ## London : $b H. Frowde : $b Hodder and Stoughton, $c [1921]-
550 ## Published under the auspices of the British Institute of International Affairs, 1921/22-1927; of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1928-
710 2# British Institute of International Affairs.
710 2# Royal Institute of International Affairs.
5. Notes citing any other body involved with the publication for which an added entry is desired.
550 ## Published in cooperation with the Kansas State Board of Agriculture, 1974-
710 1# Kansas. $b State Board of Agriculture.
6. Notes stating that a resource is an official organ of a society.
260 ## Santiago de Chile : $b Dirección General de Educación Primaria, $c 1921-
550 ## Organ of Dirección General de Educación Primaria, 1921-1927; of Departamento de Educación Primaria, 1928.
710 1# Chile. $b Dirección General de Educación Primaria.
710 1# Chile. $b Departamento de Educación Primaria.
7. Notes providing subordinate bodies that prepared a work; e.g., when the subordinate body is not given on a prescribed source for the statement of responsibility area.
550 ## Compiled by the editors of Handling & shipping, 1970-1972.
550 ## Published for the American Indian Historical Society.
Subfields
$a Issuing body note.
Subfield $a contains the issuing body note.
550 ## Prepared under the direction of the Commissioner of Banking.
550 ## Issued by the Registrar of Loan Corporations, 1918-1949.
550 ## Prepared by the General Nuclear Engineering Corp., Dec. 1957-; by Argonne National Laboratory, fall 1966.
$6 Linkage.
For instructions on the use of subfield $6, see Field 880.
Related fields, etc.
Notes--General Information, 500, 710
LC/PCC practice: Make a note on the known frequency of a serial or of the updates to an integrating resource even if the frequency is apparent from the rest of the description.
CCM 13.3. Frequency notes (Fields 310/321)
13.3.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B1)
The current frequency is expressed in
Field 310 is optional in the CONSER core record but is mandatory for all LC core or full records.
field 310 and also in fixed field 008/18 "FREQ." The regularity of issuance is expressed in fixed field 008/19 "REGULR" and sometimes in qualifying information added to field 310 or 321. If the frequency has changed, the former frequency(ies) is given in field 321. For instructions on input, see CEG 310/321. For a list of the appropriate terms to be used, see CEG 008/18.
When known, CONSER catalogers give the current frequency in all cases, even when the frequency is already contained in the title (LCRI 12.7B1). This policy was set for the benefit of reference librarians who requested eye-readable information in the record. Other catalogers may omit the frequency note when information given elsewhere in the record is considered adequate. The frequency is also taking on an added importance with increased use of the MARC 21 holdings standard for creation of publication patterns.
13.3.2. Sources of information
The frequency is taken from information found in the piece or supplied by the publisher or from evidence of issues already published. If there is no stated frequency, give the probable frequency when there is sufficient evidence to indicate the publishing pattern. Do not use a question mark. If the frequency is unknown, omit field 310 and code the fixed field bytes as "u/u".
Sometimes the frequency requires further explanation to account for stated irregularities in the publishing pattern. Such information is generally taken from the piece but may also be supplied and is given in parentheses following the frequency.
310 ## $a Monthly (except July-Aug.)
310 ## $a Biweekly (Apr.-Sept.)
When cataloging with a run of a serial in hand, you may find that the actual publishing pattern varies considerably from the stated frequency. In general, give the stated frequency. In cases where it is obvious that the stated frequency is not the actual frequency, as evidenced by a number of issues and the numbering of those issues, give the actual frequency when it can be determined.
Stated frequency in piece:
Monthly
Evidence from issues over a 3 year period:
2 or 3 issues a year
310 ## $a Two or three issues a year
Fixed field: Freq = f / Regulr = x
13.3.3. Terminology
The list of frequencies in 008/18-19 does not include all possible frequencies. When a serial is issued according to a frequency not on the list, construct a frequency statement using terms such as "... no. a year" or "... issues a year."
310 ## $a Four no. a year
310 ## $a Four times a year
310 ## $a Four issues a year
"Four no." would imply that the serial is numbered; however, some numbers may be combined. "Four times" or "Four issues" indicates that there are four separate pieces received regardless of the numbering. This is based on the individual serial and is a matter of cataloger's judgment.
Note: Do not confuse the frequency with the designation system of the serial. For instance, Time is a weekly that has two volumes each year, each with its own internal numbering. The frequency is determined by the pattern of issuance of the issues, not their numbering.
When supplying parenthetical information, try to use the publisher's terminology when clear and succinct.
310 ## $a Biweekly (during the school year)
310 ## $a Semiweekly (May-Aug.)
If there is more than one frequency in a given year, the other frequencies are indicated in parentheses.
310 ## $a Monthly (bimonthly June-Sept.)
13.3.4. Designations and former frequencies
Field 321 is used for former frequencies. When this field is given, a designation must be also included in all of the frequency fields (310 and 321). As with other notes, dates are generally given but numbers may also be used. When the exact date range is unknown, give what is known in angle brackets. Do not give field 321 without field 310. Do not include a designation when only the current frequency is given in field 310 since it is assumed that this is the frequency for all issues beginning with the first. If the serial has changed its frequency many times, you may give only the current frequency and use a "Frequency varies" note in field 321. For more information, see CEG 310/321.
310 ## $a Monthly, $b Aug. 1976-
321 ## $a Bimonthly, $b June 1, 1967-July 15, 1976
310 ## $a Annual, $b 1991-
321 ## $a Frequency varies, $b Aug. 1987-1990
AACR2 12.7B3
12.7B3. Source of title proper
For printed resources, make a note on the source of the title proper if it is taken from a title page substitute. For nonprint resources, follow the instructions in subrule .7B3 in the chapter dealing with the type of material to which the resource belongs.
Title from cover
Title from caption
Title from binder
Title from CD-ROM label
Title from title screen (viewed on Jan. 20, 2000)
(Source of title proper note combined with item described note)
Title from home page (viewed on Dec. 18, 1999)
(Source of title proper note combined with item described note)
AACR2 12.7B7.1.
Make notes on statements of responsibility that do not appear in the title and statement of responsibility area if considered to be important.
Official journal of: Concrete Products Association, Oct. 1920-Apr. 1930
Give a fuller form of name of a person or body that appears only in abbreviated form in the rest of the description if the fuller form is considered to be necessary.
Full name of the institute: Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada
(Title proper: Journal of the Professional Institute)
Issued by: Abortion Law Reform Association
(Title and statement of responsibility: Occasional newsletter [GMD] / Alra)
Give the name of any editor considered to be an important means of identifying the serial (e.g., if a particular person edited the serial for all or most of its existence; if the person’s name is likely to be better known than the title of the serial).
Editor: Wyndham Lewis
Founded, edited, and published by Jean-Paul Sartre
CEG CONSER Editing Guide
550 Issuing body note (R)
First and second indicators
# Undefined
Subfields
a Issuing body note (NR)
6 Linkage (NR)
Description/Instructions
Field 550 refers to current and former issuing bodies. Field 550 is generally used for issuing bodies traced in a 7XX added entry field. The field explains their relationship to the publication and justifies the 7XX added entries. Notes relating to commercial publishers, distributors, or places of publication are tagged 500.
Use field 550 for the following types of issuing body notes:
1. Notes providing the current issuing body when it is not included in the statement of responsibility or imprint.
260 ## Washington : $b Columbia Press, $c 1875-1878.
550 ## Organ of the Potomac-side Naturalists' Club.
710 2# Potomac-side Naturalists' Club.
260 ## Salzburg, Oesterreich : $b Zaunrith'sche Buch-, Kunst- und Steindruckerei
550 ## Issued by: Anthropos-Institut, 1935-
710 2# Anthropos-Institut.
2. Notes for joint issuing bodies.
260 ## Paris : $b Centre de documentation C.N.R.S., $c 1969-
550 ## Issued with: Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières, 1972-
710 2# Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France). $b Centre de documentation.
710 1# France. $b Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières.
3. Notes for former or later issuing bodies.
260 ## Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
550 ## Issued by: Bureau of Statistics (Dept. of the Treasury), 1878-1902; by: Bureau of Statistics (Dept. of Commerce and Labor), 1903-1911; by: Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, 1912-1937; by: Bureau of the Census, 1938-
710 1# United States. $b Bureau of the Census.
710 1# United States. $b Dept. of the Treasury. $b Bureau of Statistics.
710 1# United States. $b Dept. of Commerce and Labor. $b Bureau of Statistics.
710 1# United States. $b Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.
260 ## London ; $a New York : $b Macmillan
550 ## Issued by: British Economic Association, 1891-1902; by: Royal Economic Society, 1903-
710 2# British Economic Association.
710 2# Royal Economic Society (Great Britain)
550 ## Issued by: Dept. of Health and Welfare, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 1964-1977; by: Dept. of Health and Social Services, Bureau of Vital Records, 1978-
710 1# Alaska. $b Bureau of Vital Statistics.
710 1# Alaska. $b Bureau of Vital Records.
4. Notes for sponsoring bodies.
260 ## London : $b H. Frowde : $b Hodder and Stoughton, $c [1921]-
550 ## Published under the auspices of the British Institute of International Affairs, 1921/22-1927; of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1928-
710 2# British Institute of International Affairs.
710 2# Royal Institute of International Affairs.
5. Notes citing any other body involved with the publication for which an added entry is desired.
550 ## Published in cooperation with the Kansas State Board of Agriculture, 1974-
710 1# Kansas. $b State Board of Agriculture.
6. Notes stating that a resource is an official organ of a society.
260 ## Santiago de Chile : $b Dirección General de Educación Primaria, $c 1921-
550 ## Organ of Dirección General de Educación Primaria, 1921-1927; of Departamento de Educación Primaria, 1928.
710 1# Chile. $b Dirección General de Educación Primaria.
710 1# Chile. $b Departamento de Educación Primaria.
7. Notes providing subordinate bodies that prepared a work; e.g., when the subordinate body is not given on a prescribed source for the statement of responsibility area.
550 ## Compiled by the editors of Handling & shipping, 1970-1972.
550 ## Published for the American Indian Historical Society.
Subfields
$a Issuing body note.
Subfield $a contains the issuing body note.
550 ## Prepared under the direction of the Commissioner of Banking.
550 ## Issued by the Registrar of Loan Corporations, 1918-1949.
550 ## Prepared by the General Nuclear Engineering Corp., Dec. 1957-
$6 Linkage.
For instructions on the use of subfield $6, see Field 880.
Related fields, etc.
Notes--General Information, 500, 710
CCM Module 11. Physical description (Field 300)
Contents
11.1. Extent of item
11.1.1. Definitions
11.1.2. Serials that are still being issued
11.1.3. Serials that are complete
11.2. Other physical details
11.2.1. Illustration statement
11.3. Dimensions
11.3.1. Height
11.3.2. Height and width
11.3.3. Changes
11.4. Accompanying material
11.4.1. Definition
11.4.2. When to record accompanying material
11.4.3. How to record accompanying material
Module 11. Physical Description (Field 300)
The
Prior to AACR2 this area was called the "collation."
physical description (area 5) is the place in which the physical attributes of the serial are described. In the online record, the physical description is input in field 300.
Since Chapter 12 of AACR2 covers serials in all physical media, you must consult other chapters for rules in the physical description for a particular physical medium. For printed serials, consult Chapter 2 (Books). This module discusses the description of printed serials. Description for other formats is discussed in special chapters in Part III.
The physical description (field 300) is optional in core records for printed serials.
11.1. Extent of item
11.1.1. Definitions
AACR2 provides the following definitions:
Extent of item. The first element of the physical description area. It gives the number and the specific material designation of the units of the item being described and, in some cases, other indications of the extent (e.g., duration).
Specific material designation. A term indicating the special class of material (usually the class of physical object) to which an item belongs (e.g. sound discs).
The "specific material designations" (SMD) refers to the specific type of item in hand. For instance, if cataloging microfiche the SMD would be "microfiche," as opposed to the "General material designation," which would be "microform."
11.1.2. Serials that are still being issued
For current serials, the extent of item (subfield $a) contains only the specific material designation, which is "v." for printed serials (AACR2 12.5B1).
300 v. ; $c 28 cm.
11.1.3. Serials that are complete
If a serial has ceased publication or the record is continued by another due to a major change, record the number of volumes published, when this information is available. According to LCRI 12.5B2, record the number of bibliographic rather than physical volumes. For example, if a serial is numbered as vol. 12, no. 2-v. 14, no. 5, record as "3 v.", regardless of how many physical pieces are involved. If a serial has continuous numbering with only one level of enumeration, record the number of issues. For example, if a serial is numbered as no. 1-no. 25, record as 25 v.
If a serial has only a chronological designation, record the number of volumes in terms of years, when known. The number should include the total number of years named. For example, a serial covering Dec. 1982-Jan. 1985 would be recorded as 4 v. When the total number of volumes is uncertain or unknown, omit this information. This area does not have to be completed when closing off a record if the information is unavailable or difficult to determine.
11.2. Other physical details
11.2.1. Illustration statement
For printed serials, the only type of "other physical detail" to record is illustrations. When providing an illustration statement for a serial, consider the whole serial. If it is likely that all or most issues will contain illustrations, record the statement. If only one, or an occasional issue, contains an illustration, omit the statement. Disregard title page illustrations and advertisements. Most importantly, do not spend very much time on this aspect of the record!
When deciding what and how to record as an illustration statement for a printed serial, refer to chapter 2. AACR2 2.5C2 provides a
The terms "tables" and "plates" were recorded in the illustration statement prior to AACR2 but are no longer used in this area.
list of the allowable terms. According to LCRI 2.5C2, LC practice is to use "ill." and/or "maps"; CONSER participants are free to use other terms. If, however, a serial consists solely or chiefly of one type of illustration, such as portraits, record "all ports." or "chiefly ports." (AACR2 2.5C5).
300 ## $a v. : $b ill. ; $c 28 cm.
300 ## $a v. : $b col. maps ; $c 32 cm.
If the nature of the illustrations changes significantly on subsequent issues, change the record according to AACR2 12.5C2. If illustrations are added, add this information to the 300 field. If illustrations are dropped, make a note if considered to be important (AACR2 12.7B12.2).
300 ## $a v. : $b maps ; $c 32 cm.
500 ## $a No maps included after v. 4.
11.3. Dimensions
11.3.1. Height
The height, given in centimeters, is given for purposes of shelving, since publications that are very large or very small may require special shelving, and for purposes of identification. If the height includes a fraction, round off to the next whole centimeter (AACR2 2.5D1). If a serial is bound by a publisher, measure the bound volume (AACR2 2.5D1), but do not measure in-house binding.
11.3.2. Height and width
Following AACR2 2.5D2, record both the height and width when the width is less than half the height or greater than the height; record as height x width. Record the height and width also when the serial consists of a single sheet (AACR2 2.5D4). If intended to be folded, give the height when folded.
300 ## $a v. ; $c 20 x 32 cm.
300 ## $a v. ; $c 21 x 34 cm. folded to 8 cm.
11.3.3. Changes
If the height changes, record the lesser height followed by the greater, regardless of the chronological sequence (AACR2 12.5D2).
Original size:
29 cm.
Later size:
26 cm.
In record:
300 ## $a v. ; $c 26-29 cm.
11.4. Accompanying material
11.4.1. Definition
AACR2 defines accompanying material as:
Material issued with, and intended to be used with, the item being catalogued.
11.4.2. When to record accompanying material
First, consider what you have in hand. Do you have a main work with accompanying material or do you have two independent works that could be cataloged separately? In the first situation you need to ask what is the main work and what is the accompanying material. Frequently, accompanying material is in a different physical format. While a hard copy (paper) item is often the main work, there are other situations in which the main work is the microfiche or CD-ROM and the paper is merely a guide or index to it.
According to LCRI 1.5E1, treat an item as accompanying material when it is issued at the same time by the same publisher and author, and when it has a general title or is otherwise dependent on the main work. Supplements and indexes may be cataloged separately or mentioned in a note but are never recorded as accompanying material.
Once you have determined what you have in hand, decide how to describe it. As with the illustration statement, consider the entire serial. Will each issue be likely to contain such material or is this more likely a one-time occurrence? If the latter is true, a note in the record may be more appropriate (AACR2 12.5E1, 12.7B13) or the accompanying material may be ignored.
11.4.3. How to record accompanying material
According to AACR2 1.5E1., the statement may consist of the number of physical units, the name of the accompanying material, and the physical description of the accompanying material. The number of units represents the total number issued (not the number accompanying each issue) and thus can only be given if the serial is complete. In most cases it is omitted (AACR2 12.5E1). The name may be a specific material designation when one is available (see the appropriate chapter in AACR2). Give the physical description only when considered to be important; otherwise omit.
Recorded in 300 $e
245 00 $a Amadeus : $b il mensile della grande musica.
300 ## $a v. : $b ill. (chiefly col.) ; $c 29 cm. + $e sound discs
{each issue accompanied by a CD}
Recorded as a note
245 00 $a OCLC micro.
300 ## $a v. : $b ill. ; $c 23 cm.
500 ## $a Some issues accompanied by diskettes.
{some issues have accompanying material}
11.1. Extent of item
11.1.1. Definitions
11.1.2. Serials that are still being issued
11.1.3. Serials that are complete
11.2. Other physical details
11.2.1. Illustration statement
11.3. Dimensions
11.3.1. Height
11.3.2. Height and width
11.3.3. Changes
11.4. Accompanying material
11.4.1. Definition
11.4.2. When to record accompanying material
11.4.3. How to record accompanying material
Module 11. Physical Description (Field 300)
The
Prior to AACR2 this area was called the "collation."
physical description (area 5) is the place in which the physical attributes of the serial are described. In the online record, the physical description is input in field 300.
Since Chapter 12 of AACR2 covers serials in all physical media, you must consult other chapters for rules in the physical description for a particular physical medium. For printed serials, consult Chapter 2 (Books). This module discusses the description of printed serials. Description for other formats is discussed in special chapters in Part III.
The physical description (field 300) is optional in core records for printed serials.
11.1. Extent of item
11.1.1. Definitions
AACR2 provides the following definitions:
Extent of item. The first element of the physical description area. It gives the number and the specific material designation of the units of the item being described and, in some cases, other indications of the extent (e.g., duration).
Specific material designation. A term indicating the special class of material (usually the class of physical object) to which an item belongs (e.g. sound discs).
The "specific material designations" (SMD) refers to the specific type of item in hand. For instance, if cataloging microfiche the SMD would be "microfiche," as opposed to the "General material designation," which would be "microform."
11.1.2. Serials that are still being issued
For current serials, the extent of item (subfield $a) contains only the specific material designation, which is "v." for printed serials (AACR2 12.5B1).
300 v. ; $c 28 cm.
11.1.3. Serials that are complete
If a serial has ceased publication or the record is continued by another due to a major change, record the number of volumes published, when this information is available. According to LCRI 12.5B2, record the number of bibliographic rather than physical volumes. For example, if a serial is numbered as vol. 12, no. 2-v. 14, no. 5, record as "3 v.", regardless of how many physical pieces are involved. If a serial has continuous numbering with only one level of enumeration, record the number of issues. For example, if a serial is numbered as no. 1-no. 25, record as 25 v.
If a serial has only a chronological designation, record the number of volumes in terms of years, when known. The number should include the total number of years named. For example, a serial covering Dec. 1982-Jan. 1985 would be recorded as 4 v. When the total number of volumes is uncertain or unknown, omit this information. This area does not have to be completed when closing off a record if the information is unavailable or difficult to determine.
11.2. Other physical details
11.2.1. Illustration statement
For printed serials, the only type of "other physical detail" to record is illustrations. When providing an illustration statement for a serial, consider the whole serial. If it is likely that all or most issues will contain illustrations, record the statement. If only one, or an occasional issue, contains an illustration, omit the statement. Disregard title page illustrations and advertisements. Most importantly, do not spend very much time on this aspect of the record!
When deciding what and how to record as an illustration statement for a printed serial, refer to chapter 2. AACR2 2.5C2 provides a
The terms "tables" and "plates" were recorded in the illustration statement prior to AACR2 but are no longer used in this area.
list of the allowable terms. According to LCRI 2.5C2, LC practice is to use "ill." and/or "maps"; CONSER participants are free to use other terms. If, however, a serial consists solely or chiefly of one type of illustration, such as portraits, record "all ports." or "chiefly ports." (AACR2 2.5C5).
300 ## $a v. : $b ill. ; $c 28 cm.
300 ## $a v. : $b col. maps ; $c 32 cm.
If the nature of the illustrations changes significantly on subsequent issues, change the record according to AACR2 12.5C2. If illustrations are added, add this information to the 300 field. If illustrations are dropped, make a note if considered to be important (AACR2 12.7B12.2).
300 ## $a v. : $b maps ; $c 32 cm.
500 ## $a No maps included after v. 4.
11.3. Dimensions
11.3.1. Height
The height, given in centimeters, is given for purposes of shelving, since publications that are very large or very small may require special shelving, and for purposes of identification. If the height includes a fraction, round off to the next whole centimeter (AACR2 2.5D1). If a serial is bound by a publisher, measure the bound volume (AACR2 2.5D1), but do not measure in-house binding.
11.3.2. Height and width
Following AACR2 2.5D2, record both the height and width when the width is less than half the height or greater than the height; record as height x width. Record the height and width also when the serial consists of a single sheet (AACR2 2.5D4). If intended to be folded, give the height when folded.
300 ## $a v. ; $c 20 x 32 cm.
300 ## $a v. ; $c 21 x 34 cm. folded to 8 cm.
11.3.3. Changes
If the height changes, record the lesser height followed by the greater, regardless of the chronological sequence (AACR2 12.5D2).
Original size:
29 cm.
Later size:
26 cm.
In record:
300 ## $a v. ; $c 26-29 cm.
11.4. Accompanying material
11.4.1. Definition
AACR2 defines accompanying material as:
Material issued with, and intended to be used with, the item being catalogued.
11.4.2. When to record accompanying material
First, consider what you have in hand. Do you have a main work with accompanying material or do you have two independent works that could be cataloged separately? In the first situation you need to ask what is the main work and what is the accompanying material. Frequently, accompanying material is in a different physical format. While a hard copy (paper) item is often the main work, there are other situations in which the main work is the microfiche or CD-ROM and the paper is merely a guide or index to it.
According to LCRI 1.5E1, treat an item as accompanying material when it is issued at the same time by the same publisher and author, and when it has a general title or is otherwise dependent on the main work. Supplements and indexes may be cataloged separately or mentioned in a note but are never recorded as accompanying material.
Once you have determined what you have in hand, decide how to describe it. As with the illustration statement, consider the entire serial. Will each issue be likely to contain such material or is this more likely a one-time occurrence? If the latter is true, a note in the record may be more appropriate (AACR2 12.5E1, 12.7B13) or the accompanying material may be ignored.
11.4.3. How to record accompanying material
According to AACR2 1.5E1., the statement may consist of the number of physical units, the name of the accompanying material, and the physical description of the accompanying material. The number of units represents the total number issued (not the number accompanying each issue) and thus can only be given if the serial is complete. In most cases it is omitted (AACR2 12.5E1). The name may be a specific material designation when one is available (see the appropriate chapter in AACR2). Give the physical description only when considered to be important; otherwise omit.
Recorded in 300 $e
245 00 $a Amadeus : $b il mensile della grande musica.
300 ## $a v. : $b ill. (chiefly col.) ; $c 29 cm. + $e sound discs
{each issue accompanied by a CD}
Recorded as a note
245 00 $a OCLC micro.
300 ## $a v. : $b ill. ; $c 23 cm.
500 ## $a Some issues accompanied by diskettes.
{some issues have accompanying material}
Wednesday, March 24, 2010
CCM13.9. Other notes
13.9.1. Restrictions on access (Field 506) (AACR2 12.7B21/1.7B20)
Give a note to explain restrictions placed on the distribution of the serial. If such information appears on the piece but is no longer valid, omit the note. Notes used in shared records should be of a general nature; do not add local restrictions to the CONSER/OCLC record. See also CEG 506.
506 ## $a For official use only.
506 ## $a Confidential.
506 ## $a Vol. 2 of each issue classified.
13.9.2. Audience notes (Field 521) (AACR2 12.7B15)
This note describes the audience for whom the serial is intended. Do not give an introductory phrase in audience notes (see CEG 521).
521 8# $a "For nurses and health care practitioners."
521 8# $a "The news magazine for the Midwest."
13.9.3. Bibliography notes (Field 504)
Bibliography notes are not often given for serials. For instructions and examples of bibliography notes, see CEG field 504.
13.9.4. Library's holdings
Notes specific to a library's holdings are not given in CONSER records since holdings are institution-specific information.
13.9.5. Corporate body notes (Field 500)
Corporate bodies that are neither publishers nor issuing bodies that have not been recorded in the body of the description may be given in a note (field 500), especially when an added entry is desired (AACR2 21.29). An example might include a body given at head of title that is not an issuing body.
13.9.6. Summary note (Field 520) (AACR2 12.7B18)
Field 520 is reserved for formal summary statements describing the scope and content of the work. Informal contents notes are recorded in field 500 (CCM 13.7.). AACR2 12.7B18 and CEG 520 include examples of summary notes, but such notes are generally not given in records for print serials. Summary notes are sometimes found in records for children’s literature and for publications in lesser-known languages.
245 00 $a Khooto.
520 ## $a A general magazine on current political, social, and economic issues in Kenya.
546 ## $a In Kikuyu.
Give a note to explain restrictions placed on the distribution of the serial. If such information appears on the piece but is no longer valid, omit the note. Notes used in shared records should be of a general nature; do not add local restrictions to the CONSER/OCLC record. See also CEG 506.
506 ## $a For official use only.
506 ## $a Confidential.
506 ## $a Vol. 2 of each issue classified.
13.9.2. Audience notes (Field 521) (AACR2 12.7B15)
This note describes the audience for whom the serial is intended. Do not give an introductory phrase in audience notes (see CEG 521).
521 8# $a "For nurses and health care practitioners."
521 8# $a "The news magazine for the Midwest."
13.9.3. Bibliography notes (Field 504)
Bibliography notes are not often given for serials. For instructions and examples of bibliography notes, see CEG field 504.
13.9.4. Library's holdings
Notes specific to a library's holdings are not given in CONSER records since holdings are institution-specific information.
13.9.5. Corporate body notes (Field 500)
Corporate bodies that are neither publishers nor issuing bodies that have not been recorded in the body of the description may be given in a note (field 500), especially when an added entry is desired (AACR2 21.29). An example might include a body given at head of title that is not an issuing body.
13.9.6. Summary note (Field 520) (AACR2 12.7B18)
Field 520 is reserved for formal summary statements describing the scope and content of the work. Informal contents notes are recorded in field 500 (CCM 13.7.). AACR2 12.7B18 and CEG 520 include examples of summary notes, but such notes are generally not given in records for print serials. Summary notes are sometimes found in records for children’s literature and for publications in lesser-known languages.
245 00 $a Khooto.
520 ## $a A general magazine on current political, social, and economic issues in Kenya.
546 ## $a In Kikuyu.
CCM13.8. Editors notes (Field 500)
13.8.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B7)
Editors are not given in the statement of responsibility (AACR2 12.1F3) but may be given in a note. Restrict such notes to cases in which the same editor has been responsible for most of the serial or for editors that are better known than the title of the serial (AACR2 12.7B7) and an added entry will be given. Remember that persons prefaced by words such as "compiled by," "prepared by," etc. are also usually treated as editors (see Module 6).
13.8.2. Form of the note
Begin the note with "Editor:" or "Editors:". When there is more than one editor covering different time spans, give the corresponding dates preceding the name. Give the name as it appears on the piece.
500 ## $a Editors: 1975-1984, Howard Johnson; 1985-1991, G.L. Jones.
Editors are not given in the statement of responsibility (AACR2 12.1F3) but may be given in a note. Restrict such notes to cases in which the same editor has been responsible for most of the serial or for editors that are better known than the title of the serial (AACR2 12.7B7) and an added entry will be given. Remember that persons prefaced by words such as "compiled by," "prepared by," etc. are also usually treated as editors (see Module 6).
13.8.2. Form of the note
Begin the note with "Editor:" or "Editors:". When there is more than one editor covering different time spans, give the corresponding dates preceding the name. Give the name as it appears on the piece.
500 ## $a Editors: 1975-1984, Howard Johnson; 1985-1991, G.L. Jones.
CCM13.7. Contents note (Field 500)
13.7.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B19)
Restrict contents notes to those citing a specific section, insert, or type of contents that is not readily apparent from the title and that is ongoing.
Contents notes in serial records were formerly tagged 520. For current use of field 520, see CCM 13.9.6.
Contents notes for serials are tagged as 500 (not 505). In general, do not supply notes that explain the content of serials (such as the notes commonly supplied for children's books). A title cited in a contents note may be given an added entry (see CCM 7.5.1.).
500 ## $a December issue includes: Annual buyers' guide.
500 ## $a The first issue of each volume contains the proceedings of the annual convention
710 22 $a Society for the Preservation of Civil War Muskets. $b Convention. $t Proceedings. {made up example}
13.7.2. Form of the note
When appropriate, begin the note with words such as "Includes:" or "Some issues include:".
Restrict contents notes to those citing a specific section, insert, or type of contents that is not readily apparent from the title and that is ongoing.
Contents notes in serial records were formerly tagged 520. For current use of field 520, see CCM 13.9.6.
Contents notes for serials are tagged as 500 (not 505). In general, do not supply notes that explain the content of serials (such as the notes commonly supplied for children's books). A title cited in a contents note may be given an added entry (see CCM 7.5.1.).
500 ## $a December issue includes: Annual buyers' guide.
500 ## $a The first issue of each volume contains the proceedings of the annual convention
710 22 $a Society for the Preservation of Civil War Muskets. $b Convention. $t Proceedings. {made up example}
13.7.2. Form of the note
When appropriate, begin the note with words such as "Includes:" or "Some issues include:".
CCM13.6. Language notes (Field 546)
13.6.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B2)
According to LCRI 1.7B2, give a language note when:
• The language or languages of the item are not apparent from the title data
text in French and English; title in English only
245 00 $a [English title]
546 ## $a In English and French.
245 00 $a Elle.
260 ## $a New York, N.Y. : ...
546 ## $a In English.
• When the title appears in more than one language but the text is only in one language
titles in French and Arabic; text solely in Arabic
245 00 $a [Arabic title] = $b [French title].
546 ## $a In Arabic.
• When one or more languages cannot be transliterated or otherwise represented in the record because the language expertise is not available
title pages and text in Russian and Georgian
245 00 $a [Russian title]
546 ## $a Text and title also in Georgian.
• When summaries and/or titles of contents are given in languages different from that of the text
546 ## $a Text in French and German; summaries in English and Spanish.
13.6.2. Form of the note
When including more than one language in the note, give first the predominant language of the text. If there is no predominant language, give the languages in alphabetic order. Separate the languages by the word "and" in all cases (LCRI 1.7B2).
245 00 $a [Title in French only]
546 ## $a English and French.
546 ## $a In French, German, Italian, and Spanish.
The language note is given in conjunction with field 041 (Language code). For instructions on use of field 041 see the CEG. For further instructions on the use of the language note (field 546), see LCRI 1.7B2.
According to LCRI 1.7B2, give a language note when:
• The language or languages of the item are not apparent from the title data
text in French and English; title in English only
245 00 $a [English title]
546 ## $a In English and French.
245 00 $a Elle.
260 ## $a New York, N.Y. : ...
546 ## $a In English.
• When the title appears in more than one language but the text is only in one language
titles in French and Arabic; text solely in Arabic
245 00 $a [Arabic title] = $b [French title].
546 ## $a In Arabic.
• When one or more languages cannot be transliterated or otherwise represented in the record because the language expertise is not available
title pages and text in Russian and Georgian
245 00 $a [Russian title]
546 ## $a Text and title also in Georgian.
• When summaries and/or titles of contents are given in languages different from that of the text
546 ## $a Text in French and German; summaries in English and Spanish.
13.6.2. Form of the note
When including more than one language in the note, give first the predominant language of the text. If there is no predominant language, give the languages in alphabetic order. Separate the languages by the word "and" in all cases (LCRI 1.7B2).
245 00 $a [Title in French only]
546 ## $a English and French.
546 ## $a In French, German, Italian, and Spanish.
The language note is given in conjunction with field 041 (Language code). For instructions on use of field 041 see the CEG. For further instructions on the use of the language note (field 546), see LCRI 1.7B2.
CCM13.5. Issuing bodies notes (Field 550)
13.5.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B7)
This is not required for core level cataloging.
In general, give an issuing bodies note to cite a corporate body that is not already mentioned in the body of the entry for which an added entry is desired (see CEG for a complete list and examples). Included are earlier or later issuing bodies, changes in the name of the issuing body, or a note that a serial is the official organ of an organization when the organization is not mentioned on the chief source. Notes citing corporate bodies whose sole function is that of publishing are tagged 500.
13.5.2. When not to give an issuing bodies note
Do not make a note for the following:
• To account for variant forms of the name appearing on the piece (these will be included in the name authority record)
• Sponsors of conferences that are unlikely to remain the same from year to year. Frequently sponsors function merely as funders or local arrangers of the conference and make no contribution to the contents of the publication. Limit notes for sponsors to bodies that are truly responsible for the conference on an ongoing basis, such as the IEEE Computer Society.
• A change in the corporate hierarchy that does not result in a change of the name as established in the name authority file (i.e., an intervening body omitted from the established heading changes its name). This will also be included in the name authority record.
13.5.3. Form of the note
Generally, give the corporate body in the note as it appears on the piece; it need not be given as it is established in the name authority file.
245 00 $a Produce statistics / $c Central Statistical Bureau. {made up example}
260 ## $a Nairobi, Kenya : $b Central Statistical Bureau, $c 1988-
362 0# $a 1987-
550 ## $a Issued by: Central Statistical Office, 1991-
The issuing bodies note can become lengthy and hard to read when there have been several changes, particularly those involving government bodies with hierarchies. For this reason, try to be as brief as possible. For example, include introductory words only at the beginning of the note. In the following example it is not necessary to repeat the entire hierarchy the second time around.
550 ## $a Issued by: Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Fisheries, Research Branch, 1989-1990; the Division's Research and Analysis Branch, 1991-
not
550 ## $a Issued by: Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Fisheries, Research Branch, 1989-1990; issued by: Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Fisheries, Research and Analysis Branch, 1991-
This is not required for core level cataloging.
In general, give an issuing bodies note to cite a corporate body that is not already mentioned in the body of the entry for which an added entry is desired (see CEG for a complete list and examples). Included are earlier or later issuing bodies, changes in the name of the issuing body, or a note that a serial is the official organ of an organization when the organization is not mentioned on the chief source. Notes citing corporate bodies whose sole function is that of publishing are tagged 500.
13.5.2. When not to give an issuing bodies note
Do not make a note for the following:
• To account for variant forms of the name appearing on the piece (these will be included in the name authority record)
• Sponsors of conferences that are unlikely to remain the same from year to year. Frequently sponsors function merely as funders or local arrangers of the conference and make no contribution to the contents of the publication. Limit notes for sponsors to bodies that are truly responsible for the conference on an ongoing basis, such as the IEEE Computer Society.
• A change in the corporate hierarchy that does not result in a change of the name as established in the name authority file (i.e., an intervening body omitted from the established heading changes its name). This will also be included in the name authority record.
13.5.3. Form of the note
Generally, give the corporate body in the note as it appears on the piece; it need not be given as it is established in the name authority file.
245 00 $a Produce statistics / $c Central Statistical Bureau. {made up example}
260 ## $a Nairobi, Kenya : $b Central Statistical Bureau, $c 1988-
362 0# $a 1987-
550 ## $a Issued by: Central Statistical Office, 1991-
The issuing bodies note can become lengthy and hard to read when there have been several changes, particularly those involving government bodies with hierarchies. For this reason, try to be as brief as possible. For example, include introductory words only at the beginning of the note. In the following example it is not necessary to repeat the entire hierarchy the second time around.
550 ## $a Issued by: Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Fisheries, Research Branch, 1989-1990; the Division's Research and Analysis Branch, 1991-
not
550 ## $a Issued by: Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Fisheries, Research Branch, 1989-1990; issued by: Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Fisheries, Research and Analysis Branch, 1991-
CCM13.4. See also Module 8. Designations. Numbering peculiarities notes (Field 515)
13.4.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B10)
The numbering peculiarities note is used to explain changes, irregularities, or complex situations relating to the numbering. Based on the importance of the information, decide whether to give a specific note that cites particular issues, whether to give a general note, or whether to omit the note altogether. If numbering deviations are numerous, consider giving a note such as "Some numbers issued out of chronological order," or "Some issues combined."
13.4.2. Uses
Field 515 is used to explain a situation that cannot be fully expressed in fields 362 and/or the 500 "Description based on" note. Examples of such use are:
• To explain changes in the numbering that don't require a new record and that don't constitute a new system of numbering (see Module 8)
• To explain the presence of multiple chronological designations when only one is given in field 362
• To cite numbering and publication sequences that are not the same (e.g., no. 1 has a later publication date than no. 2)
Field 515 is also used for:
• Report year or fiscal year coverage when the year does not end with December 31st and this fact is not evident from information given in other areas of the record
• Suspensions of publication, when known. There is no limit to the number of years that constitute a suspension. The numbering may resume or start over from no. 1.
• Serials issued in parts - when an issue of a serial appears in more than one physical volume
• Later issues lacking numbering
500 ## $a Description based on: 1995/1996. (only issue with designation)
500 ## $a Latest issue consulted: [2001?] (date of production)
515 ## $a Some issues lack designation.
The numbering peculiarities note is used to explain changes, irregularities, or complex situations relating to the numbering. Based on the importance of the information, decide whether to give a specific note that cites particular issues, whether to give a general note, or whether to omit the note altogether. If numbering deviations are numerous, consider giving a note such as "Some numbers issued out of chronological order," or "Some issues combined."
13.4.2. Uses
Field 515 is used to explain a situation that cannot be fully expressed in fields 362 and/or the 500 "Description based on" note. Examples of such use are:
• To explain changes in the numbering that don't require a new record and that don't constitute a new system of numbering (see Module 8)
• To explain the presence of multiple chronological designations when only one is given in field 362
• To cite numbering and publication sequences that are not the same (e.g., no. 1 has a later publication date than no. 2)
Field 515 is also used for:
• Report year or fiscal year coverage when the year does not end with December 31st and this fact is not evident from information given in other areas of the record
• Suspensions of publication, when known. There is no limit to the number of years that constitute a suspension. The numbering may resume or start over from no. 1.
• Serials issued in parts - when an issue of a serial appears in more than one physical volume
• Later issues lacking numbering
500 ## $a Description based on: 1995/1996. (only issue with designation)
500 ## $a Latest issue consulted: [2001?] (date of production)
515 ## $a Some issues lack designation.
CCM13.3. Frequency notes (Fields 310/321)
13.3.1. When to give (AACR2 12.7B1)
The current frequency is expressed in
Field 310 is optional in the CONSER core record but is mandatory for all LC core or full records.
field 310 and also in fixed field 008/18 "FREQ." The regularity of issuance is expressed in fixed field 008/19 "REGULR" and sometimes in qualifying information added to field 310 or 321. If the frequency has changed, the former frequency(ies) is given in field 321. For instructions on input, see CEG 310/321. For a list of the appropriate terms to be used, see CEG 008/18.
When known, CONSER catalogers give the current frequency in all cases, even when the frequency is already contained in the title (LCRI 12.7B1). This policy was set for the benefit of reference librarians who requested eye-readable information in the record. Other catalogers may omit the frequency note when information given elsewhere in the record is considered adequate. The frequency is also taking on an added importance with increased use of the MARC 21 holdings standard for creation of publication patterns.
13.3.2. Sources of information
The frequency is taken from information found in the piece or supplied by the publisher or from evidence of issues already published. If there is no stated frequency, give the probable frequency when there is sufficient evidence to indicate the publishing pattern. Do not use a question mark. If the frequency is unknown, omit field 310 and code the fixed field bytes as "u/u".
Sometimes the frequency requires further explanation to account for stated irregularities in the publishing pattern. Such information is generally taken from the piece but may also be supplied and is given in parentheses following the frequency.
310 ## $a Monthly (except July-Aug.)
310 ## $a Biweekly (Apr.-Sept.)
When cataloging with a run of a serial in hand, you may find that the actual publishing pattern varies considerably from the stated frequency. In general, give the stated frequency. In cases where it is obvious that the stated frequency is not the actual frequency, as evidenced by a number of issues and the numbering of those issues, give the actual frequency when it can be determined.
Stated frequency in piece:
Monthly
Evidence from issues over a 3 year period:
2 or 3 issues a year
310 ## $a Two or three issues a year
Fixed field: Freq = f / Regulr = x
13.3.3. Terminology
The list of frequencies in 008/18-19 does not include all possible frequencies. When a serial is issued according to a frequency not on the list, construct a frequency statement using terms such as "... no. a year" or "... issues a year."
310 ## $a Four no. a year
310 ## $a Four times a year
310 ## $a Four issues a year
"Four no." would imply that the serial is numbered; however, some numbers may be combined. "Four times" or "Four issues" indicates that there are four separate pieces received regardless of the numbering. This is based on the individual serial and is a matter of cataloger's judgment.
Note: Do not confuse the frequency with the designation system of the serial. For instance, Time is a weekly that has two volumes each year, each with its own internal numbering. The frequency is determined by the pattern of issuance of the issues, not their numbering.
When supplying parenthetical information, try to use the publisher's terminology when clear and succinct.
310 ## $a Biweekly (during the school year)
310 ## $a Semiweekly (May-Aug.)
If there is more than one frequency in a given year, the other frequencies are indicated in parentheses.
310 ## $a Monthly (bimonthly June-Sept.)
13.3.4. Designations and former frequencies
Field 321 is used for former frequencies. When this field is given, a designation must be also included in all of the frequency fields (310 and 321). As with other notes, dates are generally given but numbers may also be used. When the exact date range is unknown, give what is known in angle brackets. Do not give field 321 without field 310. Do not include a designation when only the current frequency is given in field 310 since it is assumed that this is the frequency for all issues beginning with the first. If the serial has changed its frequency many times, you may give only the current frequency and use a "Frequency varies" note in field 321. For more information, see CEG 310/321.
310 ## $a Monthly, $b Aug. 1976-
321 ## $a Bimonthly, $b June 1, 1967-July 15, 1976
310 ## $a Annual, $b 1991-
321 ## $a Frequency varies, $b Aug. 1987-1990
The current frequency is expressed in
Field 310 is optional in the CONSER core record but is mandatory for all LC core or full records.
field 310 and also in fixed field 008/18 "FREQ." The regularity of issuance is expressed in fixed field 008/19 "REGULR" and sometimes in qualifying information added to field 310 or 321. If the frequency has changed, the former frequency(ies) is given in field 321. For instructions on input, see CEG 310/321. For a list of the appropriate terms to be used, see CEG 008/18.
When known, CONSER catalogers give the current frequency in all cases, even when the frequency is already contained in the title (LCRI 12.7B1). This policy was set for the benefit of reference librarians who requested eye-readable information in the record. Other catalogers may omit the frequency note when information given elsewhere in the record is considered adequate. The frequency is also taking on an added importance with increased use of the MARC 21 holdings standard for creation of publication patterns.
13.3.2. Sources of information
The frequency is taken from information found in the piece or supplied by the publisher or from evidence of issues already published. If there is no stated frequency, give the probable frequency when there is sufficient evidence to indicate the publishing pattern. Do not use a question mark. If the frequency is unknown, omit field 310 and code the fixed field bytes as "u/u".
Sometimes the frequency requires further explanation to account for stated irregularities in the publishing pattern. Such information is generally taken from the piece but may also be supplied and is given in parentheses following the frequency.
310 ## $a Monthly (except July-Aug.)
310 ## $a Biweekly (Apr.-Sept.)
When cataloging with a run of a serial in hand, you may find that the actual publishing pattern varies considerably from the stated frequency. In general, give the stated frequency. In cases where it is obvious that the stated frequency is not the actual frequency, as evidenced by a number of issues and the numbering of those issues, give the actual frequency when it can be determined.
Stated frequency in piece:
Monthly
Evidence from issues over a 3 year period:
2 or 3 issues a year
310 ## $a Two or three issues a year
Fixed field: Freq = f / Regulr = x
13.3.3. Terminology
The list of frequencies in 008/18-19 does not include all possible frequencies. When a serial is issued according to a frequency not on the list, construct a frequency statement using terms such as "... no. a year" or "... issues a year."
310 ## $a Four no. a year
310 ## $a Four times a year
310 ## $a Four issues a year
"Four no." would imply that the serial is numbered; however, some numbers may be combined. "Four times" or "Four issues" indicates that there are four separate pieces received regardless of the numbering. This is based on the individual serial and is a matter of cataloger's judgment.
Note: Do not confuse the frequency with the designation system of the serial. For instance, Time is a weekly that has two volumes each year, each with its own internal numbering. The frequency is determined by the pattern of issuance of the issues, not their numbering.
When supplying parenthetical information, try to use the publisher's terminology when clear and succinct.
310 ## $a Biweekly (during the school year)
310 ## $a Semiweekly (May-Aug.)
If there is more than one frequency in a given year, the other frequencies are indicated in parentheses.
310 ## $a Monthly (bimonthly June-Sept.)
13.3.4. Designations and former frequencies
Field 321 is used for former frequencies. When this field is given, a designation must be also included in all of the frequency fields (310 and 321). As with other notes, dates are generally given but numbers may also be used. When the exact date range is unknown, give what is known in angle brackets. Do not give field 321 without field 310. Do not include a designation when only the current frequency is given in field 310 since it is assumed that this is the frequency for all issues beginning with the first. If the serial has changed its frequency many times, you may give only the current frequency and use a "Frequency varies" note in field 321. For more information, see CEG 310/321.
310 ## $a Monthly, $b Aug. 1976-
321 ## $a Bimonthly, $b June 1, 1967-July 15, 1976
310 ## $a Annual, $b 1991-
321 ## $a Frequency varies, $b Aug. 1987-1990
CCM Module 13. Notes
Contents
13.1. Purpose and philosophy of notes used in serial records
13.1.1. Why notes are given in serial records
13.1.2. General aspects and philosophy of notes
13.2. Constructing notes for serial records
13.2.1. Sources
13.2.2. Form and style
13.2.3. Combining notes
13.2.4. Use of designations in notes
13.2.5. Order of notes
13.2.6. Other CONSER conventions
13.3. Frequency notes (fields 310/321)
13.3.1. When to give
13.3.2. Sources of information
13.3.3. Terminology
13.3.4. Designations and former frequencies
13.4. Numbering peculiarities notes (field 515)
13.4.1. When to give
13.4.2. Uses
13.5. Issuing bodies notes (field 550)
13.5.1. When to give
13.5.2. When not to give an issuing bodies note
13.5.3. Form of the note
13.6. Language notes (field 546)
13.6.1. When to give
13.6.2. Form of the note
13.7. Contents notes (field 500)
13.7.1. When to give
13.7.2. Form of the note
13.8. Editors notes (field 500)
13.8.1. When to give
13.8.2. Form of the note
13.9. Other notes
13.9.1. Restrictions on access (field 506)
13.9.2. Audience notes (field 521)
13.9.3. Bibliography notes (field 504)
13.9.4. Library's holdings
13.9.5. Corporate body notes (field 500)
13.9.6. Summary notes (field 520)
Module 13. Notes
Many of the notes commonly given in serial records are discussed in other modules. This module will focus on the general aspects of notes, will take a further look at the most commonly used serial notes, and will discuss notes that are not covered elsewhere. Notes relating to linking relationships (fields 580, 765-787) are covered separately in Module 14.
This module will discuss:
• Why we make notes
• A general philosophy concerning notes
• How notes are constructed for serial records
• How and when to use designations in notes
• LC/CONSER conventions applying to notes
• Specific notes
13.1. Purpose and philosophy of notes used in serial records
13.1.1. Why notes are given in serial records
According to AACR2 1.7A5, notes contain useful, descriptive information that does not fit into other areas of the description. Because serials consist of multiple issues but are described from only one, notes play an important role in conveying the full information regarding the serial. Notes are used to:
• Provide information that is not contained in the body of the entry
• Record changes that subsequent issues
• Provide other types of information that are not appropriate to the body of the entry (e.g., indexing and abstracting coverage, cumulative indexes, linking relationships, etc.)
13.1.2. General aspects and philosophy of notes
a. Most notes are optional
Notes on full level records provide information that is not given in the body of the record or that applies to later issues. For CONSER core level records, the only notes that are mandatory, as applicable, are the source of title note and the description based on note, as well as certain linking fields (780/785). All other notes are optional. In practice, however, many other notes are frequently given in core records as this is the only means by which changes over time can be recorded.
b. Notes should be useful
While it is possible to construct many notes regarding a serial, consider first how important and useful the information will be to others using the record (AACR2 1.7A5). For instance, it might be quite helpful to others to note that a current serial has suspended publication for a period of time; whereas, mentioning numerous numbering peculiarities would be impractical and unnecessary and could be better covered by the check-in record.
c. Notes should be as succinct as possible
The more notes that are given and the longer they are, the more cumbersome a record becomes. To aid the user of the cataloging record, keep notes brief and to the point!
d. Notes are not usually issue-specific
In most cases, notes are constructed for information that applies to more than one issue, usually on a continuing basis. While some information that applies only to one issue may be important enough to warrant a note, this type of very specific information is usually omitted from serial records, or is covered by a general note (e.g., several issues misnumbered).
13.2. Constructing notes for serial records
13.2.1. Sources
Take information given in notes from any source and from any issue (AACR2 1.7A2). In general, do not give notes for information that is relevant only to an earlier or later record. Exceptions are links to earlier/later titles an d cumulative index notes (see Module 17).
Because there are no prescribed sources for notes, brackets are not usually needed. When used, brackets show that information is supplied (e.g., in the "Description based on" note when supplying information that would have been given in brackets in field 362).
500 ## $a Description based on: 1989 [i.e., 1990].
13.2.2. Form and style
Notes are constructed in AACR2 records according to the
Under earlier rules the GPO Style Manual was used.
Chicago Manual of Style (AACR2 0.11). For example, do not begin a note with a date or a number.
a. Form of notes
Examples given in AACR2 and rules 12.7A1 and 1.7A3, point to a preferred style for formal notes, i.e.,
[introductory word(s)]: [information], [dates]
This pattern should be followed in creating notes, when possible, but if the information does not lend itself to this wording, do not force it to fit. Also, when encountering a note composed by another cataloger, do not alter it solely for stylistic reasons.
b. Wording in notes
AACR2 explicitly states that the wording of notes in the examples is not prescriptive (AACR2 0.27). Some notes, however, require certain introductory words, such as "Description based on: ..." In some cases, the MARC 21 format uses indicators to generate display constants, such as "Continued by: ..." or "Other title: ..." Many notes, however, are more informal, with wording left to the cataloger. Avoid using cataloger's jargon. Terms such as "parallel title" or "statement of responsibility" may make perfect sense to you but little to the users of your records.
The terms "Called" and "Called also" (or "Also called") are frequently used in serial records, particularly in relation to numbering. "Called ..." implies that there is one system of numbering and it has changed. "Called also" indicates that an additional system of numbering has been added.
c. Punctuation
End notes with a period unless the field already ends with a hyphen (-) or an angle bracket (>). It is common and good practice to use ISBD prescribed punctuation in notes when the data given corresponds to the data given in the descriptive portions of the record (e.g., notes for publishers) (AACR2 1.7A3). (When giving publishing notes in this form, however, the dates following a comma must be the publication dates and not chronological designations.) According to AACR2 12.7A1, separate an introductory phrase from the text of the note by a colon.
550 ## $a Issued by: [Body A], 1988-1990; [Body B], 1991- {dates are chronological designations}
500 ## $a Published: Boston : G. Brown, Inc., 1980-1985. {dates are publication dates}
Note: The examples in AACR2 show titles followed by a space-slash-space and the statement of responsibility. Since CONSER practice is to cite other works in their catalog entry form (e.g., 1XX/245, 130, etc.), the statement of responsibility is rarely used in notes.
d. Language of notes
Because Canada is a bilingual country, the Library and Archives Canada (LAC) creates French language records as well as English language records when the piece is solely in French or is in French and English. Notes in LAC French language records are given in French.
Notes are given in English (AACR2 1.0E1). Regardless of the language of the text, give supplied words in English. Designations may also be given in English, but names and titles must be given in the language in which they appear (LCRI 12.7B).
13.2.3. Combining notes
AACR2 1.7A5 allows you to combine two or more notes to make one, when appropriate. While this was the practice prior to the creation of MARC records, the specific tag numbers for serial notes make it impossible to combine most notes. In general, combine only the "Description based on" note and the source of title note. (See Module 8 for more detail.)
500 ## $a Description based on: 1988; title from cover.
13.2.4. Use of designations in notes
When the information contained in the note does not apply to all of the issues of the serial, add the chronological designation of the first and last issues to which it does apply (LCRI 12.7A2). By exception, use publication dates in publisher notes when using ISBD punctuation (see above). If the information is present on all issues in hand, do not add a designation.
Example 1: Designation is needed (1988-1992 issues in hand)
245 00 $a [Title] / $c [Body A].
362 0# $a 1988-
550 ## $a Issued by: [Body B], 1989-<1992>
Example 2: Designation not needed (1989 only issue in hand)
500 ## $a At head of title: International examiner.
500 ## $a Description based on: 1989.
730 0# $a International examiner (Seattle, Wash. : 1973)
If the serial is identified by both a numeric and a chronological designation, give only the chronological designation in the note. If there is no chronological designation, give the numeric designation in the note. To make the note as succinct as possible, condense the chronological designation by eliminating unnecessary elements (LCRI 12.7A2).
362 0# $a July 1, 1987 to June 30, 1988-
550 ## $a Issued by: [Body], 1988/1989-
or July 1, 1988/June 30, 1989-, or 1988/89-
When the exact beginning/ending designation is not known, record in angle brackets the designation of the earliest/latest available issue. Give inclusive designations, when appropriate, to show the span of issues in hand.
515 ## $a Vols. for 1988-<1991> issued in parts.
500 ## $a At head of title, 1989-<1990>: International report.
550 ## $a Issued by: [body],
13.2.5. Order of notes
While AACR2 prescribes an order in which notes are to be given in the record, CONSER policy is to input notes in
An exception is made for field 533 (Reproduction note) which is given as the last 5XX field in a record for a reproduction.
5XX tag order. This is a matter of expediency and a recognition that not all notes could be printed or displayed in strict AACR2 order. In display programs, notes may also be displayed generated from fields such as 022, 222, 246, 310, 321, 362, and the 765-787 linking fields, as well as the 5XX note fields. If there are multiple notes with the same tag, specifically those tagged 500, follow the order prescribed by AACR2. Input the "Description based on" note and/or the “Latest issue consulted” note as the last 500 note, even when the DBO is combined with the Source of title note (which is one of the first notes prescribed by AACR2).
13.2.6. Other CONSER conventions
a. Quoted notes
This is a change in CONSER practice to allow for more cataloger’s judgment.
Quoted notes are most frequently given in fields 500
This is a change in CONSER practice to allow for more cataloger’s judgment.
and 521 (see CCM 13.9.). Quoted notes may be used for other title information that is not given in field 245 (see Module 6).
b. Citations
According to AACR2 1.7A3, cite the source of a quoted note if it is taken from a source other than the chief source of the item. Also give a citation when taking information from a source other than the serial.
13.1. Purpose and philosophy of notes used in serial records
13.1.1. Why notes are given in serial records
13.1.2. General aspects and philosophy of notes
13.2. Constructing notes for serial records
13.2.1. Sources
13.2.2. Form and style
13.2.3. Combining notes
13.2.4. Use of designations in notes
13.2.5. Order of notes
13.2.6. Other CONSER conventions
13.3. Frequency notes (fields 310/321)
13.3.1. When to give
13.3.2. Sources of information
13.3.3. Terminology
13.3.4. Designations and former frequencies
13.4. Numbering peculiarities notes (field 515)
13.4.1. When to give
13.4.2. Uses
13.5. Issuing bodies notes (field 550)
13.5.1. When to give
13.5.2. When not to give an issuing bodies note
13.5.3. Form of the note
13.6. Language notes (field 546)
13.6.1. When to give
13.6.2. Form of the note
13.7. Contents notes (field 500)
13.7.1. When to give
13.7.2. Form of the note
13.8. Editors notes (field 500)
13.8.1. When to give
13.8.2. Form of the note
13.9. Other notes
13.9.1. Restrictions on access (field 506)
13.9.2. Audience notes (field 521)
13.9.3. Bibliography notes (field 504)
13.9.4. Library's holdings
13.9.5. Corporate body notes (field 500)
13.9.6. Summary notes (field 520)
Module 13. Notes
Many of the notes commonly given in serial records are discussed in other modules. This module will focus on the general aspects of notes, will take a further look at the most commonly used serial notes, and will discuss notes that are not covered elsewhere. Notes relating to linking relationships (fields 580, 765-787) are covered separately in Module 14.
This module will discuss:
• Why we make notes
• A general philosophy concerning notes
• How notes are constructed for serial records
• How and when to use designations in notes
• LC/CONSER conventions applying to notes
• Specific notes
13.1. Purpose and philosophy of notes used in serial records
13.1.1. Why notes are given in serial records
According to AACR2 1.7A5, notes contain useful, descriptive information that does not fit into other areas of the description. Because serials consist of multiple issues but are described from only one, notes play an important role in conveying the full information regarding the serial. Notes are used to:
• Provide information that is not contained in the body of the entry
• Record changes that subsequent issues
• Provide other types of information that are not appropriate to the body of the entry (e.g., indexing and abstracting coverage, cumulative indexes, linking relationships, etc.)
13.1.2. General aspects and philosophy of notes
a. Most notes are optional
Notes on full level records provide information that is not given in the body of the record or that applies to later issues. For CONSER core level records, the only notes that are mandatory, as applicable, are the source of title note and the description based on note, as well as certain linking fields (780/785). All other notes are optional. In practice, however, many other notes are frequently given in core records as this is the only means by which changes over time can be recorded.
b. Notes should be useful
While it is possible to construct many notes regarding a serial, consider first how important and useful the information will be to others using the record (AACR2 1.7A5). For instance, it might be quite helpful to others to note that a current serial has suspended publication for a period of time; whereas, mentioning numerous numbering peculiarities would be impractical and unnecessary and could be better covered by the check-in record.
c. Notes should be as succinct as possible
The more notes that are given and the longer they are, the more cumbersome a record becomes. To aid the user of the cataloging record, keep notes brief and to the point!
d. Notes are not usually issue-specific
In most cases, notes are constructed for information that applies to more than one issue, usually on a continuing basis. While some information that applies only to one issue may be important enough to warrant a note, this type of very specific information is usually omitted from serial records, or is covered by a general note (e.g., several issues misnumbered).
13.2. Constructing notes for serial records
13.2.1. Sources
Take information given in notes from any source and from any issue (AACR2 1.7A2). In general, do not give notes for information that is relevant only to an earlier or later record. Exceptions are links to earlier/later titles an d cumulative index notes (see Module 17).
Because there are no prescribed sources for notes, brackets are not usually needed. When used, brackets show that information is supplied (e.g., in the "Description based on" note when supplying information that would have been given in brackets in field 362).
500 ## $a Description based on: 1989 [i.e., 1990].
13.2.2. Form and style
Notes are constructed in AACR2 records according to the
Under earlier rules the GPO Style Manual was used.
Chicago Manual of Style (AACR2 0.11). For example, do not begin a note with a date or a number.
a. Form of notes
Examples given in AACR2 and rules 12.7A1 and 1.7A3, point to a preferred style for formal notes, i.e.,
[introductory word(s)]: [information], [dates]
This pattern should be followed in creating notes, when possible, but if the information does not lend itself to this wording, do not force it to fit. Also, when encountering a note composed by another cataloger, do not alter it solely for stylistic reasons.
b. Wording in notes
AACR2 explicitly states that the wording of notes in the examples is not prescriptive (AACR2 0.27). Some notes, however, require certain introductory words, such as "Description based on: ..." In some cases, the MARC 21 format uses indicators to generate display constants, such as "Continued by: ..." or "Other title: ..." Many notes, however, are more informal, with wording left to the cataloger. Avoid using cataloger's jargon. Terms such as "parallel title" or "statement of responsibility" may make perfect sense to you but little to the users of your records.
The terms "Called" and "Called also" (or "Also called") are frequently used in serial records, particularly in relation to numbering. "Called ..." implies that there is one system of numbering and it has changed. "Called also" indicates that an additional system of numbering has been added.
c. Punctuation
End notes with a period unless the field already ends with a hyphen (-) or an angle bracket (>). It is common and good practice to use ISBD prescribed punctuation in notes when the data given corresponds to the data given in the descriptive portions of the record (e.g., notes for publishers) (AACR2 1.7A3). (When giving publishing notes in this form, however, the dates following a comma must be the publication dates and not chronological designations.) According to AACR2 12.7A1, separate an introductory phrase from the text of the note by a colon.
550 ## $a Issued by: [Body A], 1988-1990; [Body B], 1991- {dates are chronological designations}
500 ## $a Published: Boston : G. Brown, Inc., 1980-1985. {dates are publication dates}
Note: The examples in AACR2 show titles followed by a space-slash-space and the statement of responsibility. Since CONSER practice is to cite other works in their catalog entry form (e.g., 1XX/245, 130, etc.), the statement of responsibility is rarely used in notes.
d. Language of notes
Because Canada is a bilingual country, the Library and Archives Canada (LAC) creates French language records as well as English language records when the piece is solely in French or is in French and English. Notes in LAC French language records are given in French.
Notes are given in English (AACR2 1.0E1). Regardless of the language of the text, give supplied words in English. Designations may also be given in English, but names and titles must be given in the language in which they appear (LCRI 12.7B).
13.2.3. Combining notes
AACR2 1.7A5 allows you to combine two or more notes to make one, when appropriate. While this was the practice prior to the creation of MARC records, the specific tag numbers for serial notes make it impossible to combine most notes. In general, combine only the "Description based on" note and the source of title note. (See Module 8 for more detail.)
500 ## $a Description based on: 1988; title from cover.
13.2.4. Use of designations in notes
When the information contained in the note does not apply to all of the issues of the serial, add the chronological designation of the first and last issues to which it does apply (LCRI 12.7A2). By exception, use publication dates in publisher notes when using ISBD punctuation (see above). If the information is present on all issues in hand, do not add a designation.
Example 1: Designation is needed (1988-1992 issues in hand)
245 00 $a [Title] / $c [Body A].
362 0# $a 1988-
550 ## $a Issued by: [Body B], 1989-<1992>
Example 2: Designation not needed (1989 only issue in hand)
500 ## $a At head of title: International examiner.
500 ## $a Description based on: 1989.
730 0# $a International examiner (Seattle, Wash. : 1973)
If the serial is identified by both a numeric and a chronological designation, give only the chronological designation in the note. If there is no chronological designation, give the numeric designation in the note. To make the note as succinct as possible, condense the chronological designation by eliminating unnecessary elements (LCRI 12.7A2).
362 0# $a July 1, 1987 to June 30, 1988-
550 ## $a Issued by: [Body], 1988/1989-
or July 1, 1988/June 30, 1989-, or 1988/89-
When the exact beginning/ending designation is not known, record in angle brackets the designation of the earliest/latest available issue. Give inclusive designations, when appropriate, to show the span of issues in hand.
515 ## $a Vols. for 1988-<1991> issued in parts.
500 ## $a At head of title, 1989-<1990>: International report.
550 ## $a Issued by: [body],
13.2.5. Order of notes
While AACR2 prescribes an order in which notes are to be given in the record, CONSER policy is to input notes in
An exception is made for field 533 (Reproduction note) which is given as the last 5XX field in a record for a reproduction.
5XX tag order. This is a matter of expediency and a recognition that not all notes could be printed or displayed in strict AACR2 order. In display programs, notes may also be displayed generated from fields such as 022, 222, 246, 310, 321, 362, and the 765-787 linking fields, as well as the 5XX note fields. If there are multiple notes with the same tag, specifically those tagged 500, follow the order prescribed by AACR2. Input the "Description based on" note and/or the “Latest issue consulted” note as the last 500 note, even when the DBO is combined with the Source of title note (which is one of the first notes prescribed by AACR2).
13.2.6. Other CONSER conventions
a. Quoted notes
This is a change in CONSER practice to allow for more cataloger’s judgment.
Quoted notes are most frequently given in fields 500
This is a change in CONSER practice to allow for more cataloger’s judgment.
and 521 (see CCM 13.9.). Quoted notes may be used for other title information that is not given in field 245 (see Module 6).
b. Citations
According to AACR2 1.7A3, cite the source of a quoted note if it is taken from a source other than the chief source of the item. Also give a citation when taking information from a source other than the serial.
CCM 10.2. Publishers and distributors
10.2. Publishers and distributors
Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged. Springfield, Mass : G. & C. Merriam, 1965.
Webster's defines a publisher as "the reproducer of a work intended for public consumption." The publisher, in fact, may coordinate many activities involved with "publishing": deciding what to publish, how to publish it, who will print it, and how it will be distributed. The publisher may be a corporate body, a person, or a serial (i.e., the editors of a serial).
10.2.1. Corporate body as publisher
A corporate body may serve several functions. It may publish a serial (i.e., it makes the serial available to the public), and/or it may issue the serial (i.e., it is also responsible for the contents). The terms "commercial publisher" and "issuing body" are generally used to distinguish these functions.
A corporate body that appears in a serial may also be neither publisher nor issuing body. The cataloger sometimes must discern bodies that are publishers from others whose functions are different or unknown, basing determinations on information from inside or outside the publication and on general knowledge of publications.
Examples of Sources of the Publishing Statement
Fig. 10.1. Foot of title page
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b World Bank
260 ## $a Harrow, Middlesex : $b General Gramophone Publications
Fig. 10.2 Masthead
a. Types of bodies
Commercial publisher. A corporate body whose primary function is that of publishing is referred to by catalogers as a "commercial publisher." Firms such as Random House, Harper & Row, Time/Life Books, and Elsevier are commercial publishers, as are university presses.
Issuing body. Unlike most monographs that are the work of one or more persons, serials are often the work of one or more corporate entities. These entities may be both responsible for the content and the publishing. Corporate bodies that are not primarily in the business of publishing but which are responsible for the issuance, and often the contents, of the serial are referred to as "issuing bodies." These may be non-profit societies, institutions, government agencies, or commercial firms whose primary function is not publishing (e.g., IBM). In some cases a commercial publisher may "issue" the serial because it takes on the function of compiling the data, writing the text, etc. An example is Bell & Howell Information and Learning which issues publications such as Dissertation Abstracts. In other instances, a serial may be published by a commercial publisher for an issuing body.
Fig. 10.3a. Masthead
In Fig. 10.3. the commercial publisher is Biopress Limited; the issuing body is the International Society for Diatom Research.
245 00 $a Diatom research : $b the journal of the International Society for Diatom Research.
260 ## $a Bristol, England : $b Biopress Ltd., $c [1986]-
Fig.10.3b. Cover
Distinguishing between corporate entities that publish and those that issue serials is important when deciding whether to give an added entry for the body (AACR2 21.30E1) or when noting changes that occur in later issues (see CCM 10.6; AACR2 12.7B11.2).
b. Sources of the publishing statement
Record the publisher from a publishing statement found anywhere in the item. A body found at the foot of the title page is commonly assumed to be the publisher. (Fig. 10.1.) There may be an explicit publisher statement prefaced by the words “published by,” given in addition to or instead of a statement on the title page with the same or different information. For most periodicals, the publisher is found on the editorial page, often in the masthead (Fig. 10.2.). In many cases there is no publishing statement per se. Instead the name of the responsible body may appear as part of the title, at the head of the title, on the cover, or elsewhere. In Fig. 10.4., the Council, which appears prominently at the head of the title, is the issuing body. Since the only other body given is explicitly stated as the printer, the Council is transcribed as the publisher.
110 2# $a Kuching Municipal Council.
245 10 $a Annual report for ... / $c Kuching Municipal Council.
260 ## $a Kuching, Sarawak : $b Kuching Municipal Council
Fig. 10.4.
If there are several statements in different sources, generally prefer the information found on the chief source or preliminaries. In general, take the name of the publisher from one source, particularly in the case of corporate hierarchies; do not piece together the name of the publisher from several sources.
c. Selecting from multiple publisher(s) or publishing statements
1) Multiple languages or scripts (AACR2 1.4D2)
When a publisher's name is given in more than one language or script, give the name in the language or script of the title proper, or if this does not apply, in the language that appears first.
245 00 $a Sawmills = $b Scieries.
246 31 $a Scieries
260 ## $a Ottawa : $b Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Industry and Merchandising Division
Fig. 10.5.
2) More than one body given
When the serial presents names of several corporate bodies, make the following determinations:
* Whether the bodies are performing the same or different functions
* Whether the bodies are separate organizations or elements of a corporate hierarchy (if the latter is the case there is only one body represented)
* Whether the bodies are presented in separate statements or one grammatically linked statement
(a). More than one body serving the same function.
Fig. 10.6.
While AACR2 1.4D4 says to record the first publisher, the accompanying LCRI says to record all publishers given on the chief source. The RI was written to simplify the decision–don't worry about which to record or not to record. When several bodies are recorded in separate statements, record each in a separate subfield $b. If there is one grammatically linked statement, record the entire statement in one subfield $b. If one publisher is given on the chief source and additional publishers are given elsewhere, record only the one given on the chief source, unless a U.S. publisher is given elsewhere (LCRI 1.4D4).
260 ## $a London : $b Stevens ; $a Chicago, Ill. : $b Quadrangle Books
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management : $b U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service
260 ## $a Harare, Zimbabwe : $b Southern African Forum against Corruption and the Human Rights Trust of Southern Africa
Apply the LCRI also to non-commercial publishers that are not part of the same organization. Fig. 10.6. is a directory of two associations, both of which are given in the publishing statement. Since there is no connecting word or phrase, each is given in a separate subfield $b.
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities : $b Jesuit Secondary Education Association
(b). More than one body serving different functions.
If there is one statement, record the entire statement as the publisher.
260 ## $a London : $b Published for the Institute of Directors by the Director Publications Ltd.
260 ## $a Oxford ; $a Boston : $b Published in association with the IUCC by Blackwell Scientific Publications, $c c1984-
If there are several bodies mentioned in separate statements, prefer a commercial publisher over an issuing body and prefer a body whose function is publishing or issuing over that of printing or preparation of the contents. As appropriate, the other body may be included in an issuing body note (field 550), when not already given in the description. If the other body is a distributor, see CCM 10.2.5.
In Fig. 10.7., a commercial publisher is publishing the serial for an issuing body. Since the two are joined grammatically, the entire statement is given as a single publishing statement.
260 ## $a London ; $a San Diego : $b Published for the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants by Academic Press, $c c1990-
Fig. 10.7.
3) Government printers recorded as publisher
A government printer named on the item is recorded as the publisher when there is no evidence that its function is not that of a publisher or distributor. If, however, another body appears prominently on the item and the government printing office is named only in a less prominent position, it is probable that the office is functioning only as a printer and that the body is the publisher (LCRI 1.4D1). In the United States, most federal government publications are considered to be issued by an agency, such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The Government Printing Office may serve as the printer and the Superintendent of Documents as the distributor but neither is the publisher. U.S. congressional reports and documents are published and printed by the GPO. On such publications, "Government Printing Office" appears in the publishing position at the foot of the title page and is recorded as the publisher. In general, a government printer is either recorded as the publisher/distributor or not at all; it is not generally recorded as the manufacturer. For instructions concerning non-government printers, see CCM 10.5.
260 ## $a London : $b H.M.S.O.
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. G.P.O.
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
260 ## $a Nairobi, Kenya : $b Govt. Printer
Omit the name of a person serving as government printer when the name appears on the piece.
On piece:
R.S. Wallbank, Government Printer
In record:
: $b Govt. Printer
d. Recording names of corporate bodies as publishers
1) Capitalization
Capitalize names of places and bodies according to the rules for the language involved (AACR2 A.7A1).
260 ## $a Genève : $b Organisation mondiale de la santé
When there is no place or publisher, capitalize as: (AACR2 A.7B1)
260 ## $a [S.l. : $b s.n.]
2) Shortening the name of the publisher
Prior to the 2002 revision of AACR2, publisher statements could be abbreviated to include just the generic term for the corporate body when the full name also appeared in the statement of responsibility or title. The rule (former 1.4D4) was deleted in order to provide better searching access on field 260.
Past practice:
245 00 $a Utopian studies : $b journal of the Society for Utopian Studies.
260 ## $a St. Louis, MO : $b The Society, $c 1990-
Current practice:
245 00 $a Utopian studies : $b journal of the Society for Utopian Studies.
260 ## $a St. Louis, MO : $b Society for Utopian Studies, $c 1990-
Fig. 10.8.
3) Abbreviations for terms used in the publishing statement
Abbreviate words that are part of the name and are retained, or that precede the publishing statement when such words are found in AACR2 Appendix B. Note that the abbreviation "Pub." stands for "Publishing" and not "Publishers," "Published," or "Publications." Note also the abbreviations "G.P.O.," for Government Printing Office and "H.M.S.O.," for Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Other commonly used abbreviations are "Dept." (Department), "Corp." (Corporation), "Co." (Company), and "Print." (Printing).
4) Omitting parts of the name
According to AACR2 1.4D2, give the publisher in the shortest possible form
Note that this is more of a concern for commercial publishers than other types of non- commercial issuing bodies.
"in which it can be understood and identified internationally”. Since this is not always easy to determine, LCRI 1.4D2 attempts to simplify the situation by saying to shorten or not shorten as is most efficient and effective. Do not worry about judging the international identifiability of the name.
On piece:
J.H. Stevens and Sons
In record:
260 ## $a London : $b Stevens
or:
260 ## $a London : $b J.H. Stevens
When a non-commercial publisher is part of a hierarchy that is given in a single statement, record the entire hierarchy. In Fig. 10.9., the publishing statement would be:
260 ## $a Austin, Tex. : $b Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Dept. and Chemical Engineering Dept., University of Texas, $c c1990-
Fig. 10.9.
Unnecessary parts of the hierarchy of commercial publishing firms may be omitted according to LCRI 1.4D2. For example, when a publisher is a subsidiary, the parent company may be omitted.
On piece:
Published by Appleton-Century-Crofts, Division of Meredith Publishing Company
In record:
260 ## $a New York, N.Y. : $b Appleton-Century-Crofts, $c 1967-
260 ## $a San Diego, Calif. : $b D.A.T.A. Business Pub.
Fig. 10.10.
Fig. 10.11.
260 ## $a Princeton [N.J.] : $b Excerpta Medica
5) Omitting preceding words
AACR2 1.4D3 says to omit words that are unnecessary, such as "published by", "publisher:" and so forth. Such words are unnecessary because of the placement of the information in the publishing area (Fig. 10.8.). Preceding words are retained when they imply something other than publishing or when two statements are grammatically linked to one another (see Fig. 10.7.).
On piece:
Published bi-weekly by the Wall Street Transcript Corporation
In record:
260 ## $a New York, N.Y. : $b Wall Street Transcript Corp.
310 ## $a Biweekly
On piece:
Published for the Institute of Directors by the Director Publications Ltd, ...
In record:
260 ## $a ... : $b Published for the Institute of Directors by the Director Publications Ltd.
Statements such as "prepared by," "edited by," "compiled by," etc. are not usually considered to be publishing statements. The body given following such terms is recorded as publisher only when there is other evidence that shows this to be the case.
When a statement such as "prepared for ... by ..." appears on the piece, the body for whom it was prepared is generally considered to be the publisher as well as the issuing body.
On piece:
Prepared for the: Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association, 200 Castlewood Drive, North Palm Beach, Florida 33408 ... by: American Sports Data, Inc., 234 N. Central Avenue, Hartsdale, NY 10530 ...
In record:
245 00 $a ... / $c prepared for the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association by American Sports Data, Inc.
260 ## $a North Palm Beach, Fla. : $b Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association
10.2.2. Person as publisher
a. When to give
A person is recorded as the publisher only when he or she is named as the publisher and is acting alone and not as the representative of a firm. In the current age of desktop and online publishing, this is becoming more common. When recording the name of a person as publisher, the first names have traditionally been abbreviated to the first initials, but the full form of name may also be given (LCRI 1.4D2.).
On piece:
Editor and publisher: Newton W. Miller (no name of firm given)
In record:
260 ## $a Redlands, Calif. : $b Newton W. Miller
or:
260 ## $a Redlands, Calif. : $b N.W. Miller
Fig. 10.12a. Caption
Fig. 10.12b. Masthead
b. When not to give
Fig. 10.13.
Do not record as a publisher persons whose job title is "publisher" when there is a commercial publishing company. Do not record names of officials of government agencies as publishers; instead, record the name of the agency (LCRI 1.4D2).
In Fig. 10.13. while Richard W. Helbock is named as the publisher and is also given as the owner and publisher in the masthead, La Posta Publications is given in the publishing statement of the masthead.
260 ## $a Lake Oswego, OR : $b La Posta Publications
In Fig. 10.14., Hance, Sharp, and Nugent are officials of the Commission. Their names are omitted from the cataloging record because they have no responsibility for the publication of the serial.
245 00 $a Gas utility information bulletin / $c Railroad Commission of Texas, Transportation/Gas Utilities Division.
260 ## $a [Austin, Tex.] : $b Railroad Commission of Texas, Transportation/Gas Utilities Division
Fig. 10.14.
10.2.3. Name of serial as publisher
If the publishing statement gives only the name of the serial being cataloged or the name of another serial, record the name of the serial as the publisher. Retain terms such as "Inc." or "Ltd." when they appear with the name for clarity (A.7A1). Capitalize each word in the title according to the rules for corporate bodies.
Fig. 10.15.
245 00 $a Sports illustrated.
260 ## $a ... : $b Time, Inc.
245 00 $a Dirty linen.
260 ## $a Baltimore, MD : $b Dirty Linen, Ltd.
245 00 $a U.S. industrial export directory.
260 ## $a Stamford, Conn. : $b U.S. Industrial Export Directory, $c [1990]- (Fig. 10.15.)
10.2.4. Publisher unknown
Give "[s.n.]" when there is no publishing statement and there is no probable publisher that could be supplied.
260 ## $a [New York? : $b s.n.]
260 ## $a [S.l. : $b s.n.]
260 ## $a Paris [Maine : $b s.n.]
In Fig. 10.16. there is no publisher presented on the piece, only an editor. Thus, the publishing statement is transcribed as:
260 ## $a Arlington, Tex. : $b [s.n.]
Fig. 10.16.
10.2.5. Distributor
a. Definition
AACR2 defines a distributor as "an agent or agency that has exclusive or shared marketing rights for an item." The distributor makes the serial available to the public in cases where the publisher is not in a position to do so. For users of the catalog record who are interested in obtaining the publication, the distributor data can be key information. Distributors may be commercial in nature or may be associated with a government agency or other type of issuing body. Examples of distributors are the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. G.P.O., and the National Technical Information Service (NTIS).
b. Recording the name of a distributor
Record the name of the distributor in a separate statement when given in the item (following guidelines in LCRI 1.4D4). Capitalize the first word in the statement (AACR2 A.7B1). If the name appears without words explaining the function of the body, supply the word "distributor" in brackets after the name (AACR2 1.4E1/LCRI).
Distributor statement explicitly stated on piece
On piece:
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, United States Government Printing Office.
In record:
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b Scientific and Technical Services, Meat and Poultry Inspection Program, Food and Safety Quality Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
Distributor statement not explicitly stated on piece
On piece:
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
In record:
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management ; $b Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. [distributor]
Fig. 10.17a. Cover
Fig. 10.17b. Masthead
260 ## $a London : $b Listener Publications Ltd : $b Distributed by BBC Frontline Ltd.
10.2.6. Recording other bodies
If a corporate body appearing on the piece is in some way responsible for the serial but has not been recorded in the statement of responsibility or the publishing statement, it may be recorded in a note (see Module 13).
260 ## $a Wien ; $a New York : $b Springer-Verlag
550 ## $a Organ of: Internationale Gesellschaft für Neurovegetative Forschung.
260 ## $a Leiden : $b E.J. Brill, $c 1966-1971.
550 ## $a Vols. 1-3 published under the auspices of the Netherlands Committee of Historical Sciences; v. 4-5 under the auspices of the Netherlands Historical Association.
If a corporate body appears on the piece (other than on the chief source), but represents a function that is judged to be unimportant or that is unknown, it generally may be omitted from the record entirely. If considered important for identification, it may be recorded in an “At head of title” note or in a general quoted note, as appropriate.
Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged. Springfield, Mass : G. & C. Merriam, 1965.
Webster's defines a publisher as "the reproducer of a work intended for public consumption." The publisher, in fact, may coordinate many activities involved with "publishing": deciding what to publish, how to publish it, who will print it, and how it will be distributed. The publisher may be a corporate body, a person, or a serial (i.e., the editors of a serial).
10.2.1. Corporate body as publisher
A corporate body may serve several functions. It may publish a serial (i.e., it makes the serial available to the public), and/or it may issue the serial (i.e., it is also responsible for the contents). The terms "commercial publisher" and "issuing body" are generally used to distinguish these functions.
A corporate body that appears in a serial may also be neither publisher nor issuing body. The cataloger sometimes must discern bodies that are publishers from others whose functions are different or unknown, basing determinations on information from inside or outside the publication and on general knowledge of publications.
Examples of Sources of the Publishing Statement
Fig. 10.1. Foot of title page
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b World Bank
260 ## $a Harrow, Middlesex : $b General Gramophone Publications
Fig. 10.2 Masthead
a. Types of bodies
Commercial publisher. A corporate body whose primary function is that of publishing is referred to by catalogers as a "commercial publisher." Firms such as Random House, Harper & Row, Time/Life Books, and Elsevier are commercial publishers, as are university presses.
Issuing body. Unlike most monographs that are the work of one or more persons, serials are often the work of one or more corporate entities. These entities may be both responsible for the content and the publishing. Corporate bodies that are not primarily in the business of publishing but which are responsible for the issuance, and often the contents, of the serial are referred to as "issuing bodies." These may be non-profit societies, institutions, government agencies, or commercial firms whose primary function is not publishing (e.g., IBM). In some cases a commercial publisher may "issue" the serial because it takes on the function of compiling the data, writing the text, etc. An example is Bell & Howell Information and Learning which issues publications such as Dissertation Abstracts. In other instances, a serial may be published by a commercial publisher for an issuing body.
Fig. 10.3a. Masthead
In Fig. 10.3. the commercial publisher is Biopress Limited; the issuing body is the International Society for Diatom Research.
245 00 $a Diatom research : $b the journal of the International Society for Diatom Research.
260 ## $a Bristol, England : $b Biopress Ltd., $c [1986]-
Fig.10.3b. Cover
Distinguishing between corporate entities that publish and those that issue serials is important when deciding whether to give an added entry for the body (AACR2 21.30E1) or when noting changes that occur in later issues (see CCM 10.6; AACR2 12.7B11.2).
b. Sources of the publishing statement
Record the publisher from a publishing statement found anywhere in the item. A body found at the foot of the title page is commonly assumed to be the publisher. (Fig. 10.1.) There may be an explicit publisher statement prefaced by the words “published by,” given in addition to or instead of a statement on the title page with the same or different information. For most periodicals, the publisher is found on the editorial page, often in the masthead (Fig. 10.2.). In many cases there is no publishing statement per se. Instead the name of the responsible body may appear as part of the title, at the head of the title, on the cover, or elsewhere. In Fig. 10.4., the Council, which appears prominently at the head of the title, is the issuing body. Since the only other body given is explicitly stated as the printer, the Council is transcribed as the publisher.
110 2# $a Kuching Municipal Council.
245 10 $a Annual report for ... / $c Kuching Municipal Council.
260 ## $a Kuching, Sarawak : $b Kuching Municipal Council
Fig. 10.4.
If there are several statements in different sources, generally prefer the information found on the chief source or preliminaries. In general, take the name of the publisher from one source, particularly in the case of corporate hierarchies; do not piece together the name of the publisher from several sources.
c. Selecting from multiple publisher(s) or publishing statements
1) Multiple languages or scripts (AACR2 1.4D2)
When a publisher's name is given in more than one language or script, give the name in the language or script of the title proper, or if this does not apply, in the language that appears first.
245 00 $a Sawmills = $b Scieries.
246 31 $a Scieries
260 ## $a Ottawa : $b Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Industry and Merchandising Division
Fig. 10.5.
2) More than one body given
When the serial presents names of several corporate bodies, make the following determinations:
* Whether the bodies are performing the same or different functions
* Whether the bodies are separate organizations or elements of a corporate hierarchy (if the latter is the case there is only one body represented)
* Whether the bodies are presented in separate statements or one grammatically linked statement
(a). More than one body serving the same function.
Fig. 10.6.
While AACR2 1.4D4 says to record the first publisher, the accompanying LCRI says to record all publishers given on the chief source. The RI was written to simplify the decision–don't worry about which to record or not to record. When several bodies are recorded in separate statements, record each in a separate subfield $b. If there is one grammatically linked statement, record the entire statement in one subfield $b. If one publisher is given on the chief source and additional publishers are given elsewhere, record only the one given on the chief source, unless a U.S. publisher is given elsewhere (LCRI 1.4D4).
260 ## $a London : $b Stevens ; $a Chicago, Ill. : $b Quadrangle Books
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management : $b U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service
260 ## $a Harare, Zimbabwe : $b Southern African Forum against Corruption and the Human Rights Trust of Southern Africa
Apply the LCRI also to non-commercial publishers that are not part of the same organization. Fig. 10.6. is a directory of two associations, both of which are given in the publishing statement. Since there is no connecting word or phrase, each is given in a separate subfield $b.
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities : $b Jesuit Secondary Education Association
(b). More than one body serving different functions.
If there is one statement, record the entire statement as the publisher.
260 ## $a London : $b Published for the Institute of Directors by the Director Publications Ltd.
260 ## $a Oxford ; $a Boston : $b Published in association with the IUCC by Blackwell Scientific Publications, $c c1984-
If there are several bodies mentioned in separate statements, prefer a commercial publisher over an issuing body and prefer a body whose function is publishing or issuing over that of printing or preparation of the contents. As appropriate, the other body may be included in an issuing body note (field 550), when not already given in the description. If the other body is a distributor, see CCM 10.2.5.
In Fig. 10.7., a commercial publisher is publishing the serial for an issuing body. Since the two are joined grammatically, the entire statement is given as a single publishing statement.
260 ## $a London ; $a San Diego : $b Published for the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants by Academic Press, $c c1990-
Fig. 10.7.
3) Government printers recorded as publisher
A government printer named on the item is recorded as the publisher when there is no evidence that its function is not that of a publisher or distributor. If, however, another body appears prominently on the item and the government printing office is named only in a less prominent position, it is probable that the office is functioning only as a printer and that the body is the publisher (LCRI 1.4D1). In the United States, most federal government publications are considered to be issued by an agency, such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The Government Printing Office may serve as the printer and the Superintendent of Documents as the distributor but neither is the publisher. U.S. congressional reports and documents are published and printed by the GPO. On such publications, "Government Printing Office" appears in the publishing position at the foot of the title page and is recorded as the publisher. In general, a government printer is either recorded as the publisher/distributor or not at all; it is not generally recorded as the manufacturer. For instructions concerning non-government printers, see CCM 10.5.
260 ## $a London : $b H.M.S.O.
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. G.P.O.
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
260 ## $a Nairobi, Kenya : $b Govt. Printer
Omit the name of a person serving as government printer when the name appears on the piece.
On piece:
R.S. Wallbank, Government Printer
In record:
: $b Govt. Printer
d. Recording names of corporate bodies as publishers
1) Capitalization
Capitalize names of places and bodies according to the rules for the language involved (AACR2 A.7A1).
260 ## $a Genève : $b Organisation mondiale de la santé
When there is no place or publisher, capitalize as: (AACR2 A.7B1)
260 ## $a [S.l. : $b s.n.]
2) Shortening the name of the publisher
Prior to the 2002 revision of AACR2, publisher statements could be abbreviated to include just the generic term for the corporate body when the full name also appeared in the statement of responsibility or title. The rule (former 1.4D4) was deleted in order to provide better searching access on field 260.
Past practice:
245 00 $a Utopian studies : $b journal of the Society for Utopian Studies.
260 ## $a St. Louis, MO : $b The Society, $c 1990-
Current practice:
245 00 $a Utopian studies : $b journal of the Society for Utopian Studies.
260 ## $a St. Louis, MO : $b Society for Utopian Studies, $c 1990-
Fig. 10.8.
3) Abbreviations for terms used in the publishing statement
Abbreviate words that are part of the name and are retained, or that precede the publishing statement when such words are found in AACR2 Appendix B. Note that the abbreviation "Pub." stands for "Publishing" and not "Publishers," "Published," or "Publications." Note also the abbreviations "G.P.O.," for Government Printing Office and "H.M.S.O.," for Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Other commonly used abbreviations are "Dept." (Department), "Corp." (Corporation), "Co." (Company), and "Print." (Printing).
4) Omitting parts of the name
According to AACR2 1.4D2, give the publisher in the shortest possible form
Note that this is more of a concern for commercial publishers than other types of non- commercial issuing bodies.
"in which it can be understood and identified internationally”. Since this is not always easy to determine, LCRI 1.4D2 attempts to simplify the situation by saying to shorten or not shorten as is most efficient and effective. Do not worry about judging the international identifiability of the name.
On piece:
J.H. Stevens and Sons
In record:
260 ## $a London : $b Stevens
or:
260 ## $a London : $b J.H. Stevens
When a non-commercial publisher is part of a hierarchy that is given in a single statement, record the entire hierarchy. In Fig. 10.9., the publishing statement would be:
260 ## $a Austin, Tex. : $b Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Dept. and Chemical Engineering Dept., University of Texas, $c c1990-
Fig. 10.9.
Unnecessary parts of the hierarchy of commercial publishing firms may be omitted according to LCRI 1.4D2. For example, when a publisher is a subsidiary, the parent company may be omitted.
On piece:
Published by Appleton-Century-Crofts, Division of Meredith Publishing Company
In record:
260 ## $a New York, N.Y. : $b Appleton-Century-Crofts, $c 1967-
260 ## $a San Diego, Calif. : $b D.A.T.A. Business Pub.
Fig. 10.10.
Fig. 10.11.
260 ## $a Princeton [N.J.] : $b Excerpta Medica
5) Omitting preceding words
AACR2 1.4D3 says to omit words that are unnecessary, such as "published by", "publisher:" and so forth. Such words are unnecessary because of the placement of the information in the publishing area (Fig. 10.8.). Preceding words are retained when they imply something other than publishing or when two statements are grammatically linked to one another (see Fig. 10.7.).
On piece:
Published bi-weekly by the Wall Street Transcript Corporation
In record:
260 ## $a New York, N.Y. : $b Wall Street Transcript Corp.
310 ## $a Biweekly
On piece:
Published for the Institute of Directors by the Director Publications Ltd, ...
In record:
260 ## $a ... : $b Published for the Institute of Directors by the Director Publications Ltd.
Statements such as "prepared by," "edited by," "compiled by," etc. are not usually considered to be publishing statements. The body given following such terms is recorded as publisher only when there is other evidence that shows this to be the case.
When a statement such as "prepared for ... by ..." appears on the piece, the body for whom it was prepared is generally considered to be the publisher as well as the issuing body.
On piece:
Prepared for the: Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association, 200 Castlewood Drive, North Palm Beach, Florida 33408 ... by: American Sports Data, Inc., 234 N. Central Avenue, Hartsdale, NY 10530 ...
In record:
245 00 $a ... / $c prepared for the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association by American Sports Data, Inc.
260 ## $a North Palm Beach, Fla. : $b Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association
10.2.2. Person as publisher
a. When to give
A person is recorded as the publisher only when he or she is named as the publisher and is acting alone and not as the representative of a firm. In the current age of desktop and online publishing, this is becoming more common. When recording the name of a person as publisher, the first names have traditionally been abbreviated to the first initials, but the full form of name may also be given (LCRI 1.4D2.).
On piece:
Editor and publisher: Newton W. Miller (no name of firm given)
In record:
260 ## $a Redlands, Calif. : $b Newton W. Miller
or:
260 ## $a Redlands, Calif. : $b N.W. Miller
Fig. 10.12a. Caption
Fig. 10.12b. Masthead
b. When not to give
Fig. 10.13.
Do not record as a publisher persons whose job title is "publisher" when there is a commercial publishing company. Do not record names of officials of government agencies as publishers; instead, record the name of the agency (LCRI 1.4D2).
In Fig. 10.13. while Richard W. Helbock is named as the publisher and is also given as the owner and publisher in the masthead, La Posta Publications is given in the publishing statement of the masthead.
260 ## $a Lake Oswego, OR : $b La Posta Publications
In Fig. 10.14., Hance, Sharp, and Nugent are officials of the Commission. Their names are omitted from the cataloging record because they have no responsibility for the publication of the serial.
245 00 $a Gas utility information bulletin / $c Railroad Commission of Texas, Transportation/Gas Utilities Division.
260 ## $a [Austin, Tex.] : $b Railroad Commission of Texas, Transportation/Gas Utilities Division
Fig. 10.14.
10.2.3. Name of serial as publisher
If the publishing statement gives only the name of the serial being cataloged or the name of another serial, record the name of the serial as the publisher. Retain terms such as "Inc." or "Ltd." when they appear with the name for clarity (A.7A1). Capitalize each word in the title according to the rules for corporate bodies.
Fig. 10.15.
245 00 $a Sports illustrated.
260 ## $a ... : $b Time, Inc.
245 00 $a Dirty linen.
260 ## $a Baltimore, MD : $b Dirty Linen, Ltd.
245 00 $a U.S. industrial export directory.
260 ## $a Stamford, Conn. : $b U.S. Industrial Export Directory, $c [1990]- (Fig. 10.15.)
10.2.4. Publisher unknown
Give "[s.n.]" when there is no publishing statement and there is no probable publisher that could be supplied.
260 ## $a [New York? : $b s.n.]
260 ## $a [S.l. : $b s.n.]
260 ## $a Paris [Maine : $b s.n.]
In Fig. 10.16. there is no publisher presented on the piece, only an editor. Thus, the publishing statement is transcribed as:
260 ## $a Arlington, Tex. : $b [s.n.]
Fig. 10.16.
10.2.5. Distributor
a. Definition
AACR2 defines a distributor as "an agent or agency that has exclusive or shared marketing rights for an item." The distributor makes the serial available to the public in cases where the publisher is not in a position to do so. For users of the catalog record who are interested in obtaining the publication, the distributor data can be key information. Distributors may be commercial in nature or may be associated with a government agency or other type of issuing body. Examples of distributors are the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. G.P.O., and the National Technical Information Service (NTIS).
b. Recording the name of a distributor
Record the name of the distributor in a separate statement when given in the item (following guidelines in LCRI 1.4D4). Capitalize the first word in the statement (AACR2 A.7B1). If the name appears without words explaining the function of the body, supply the word "distributor" in brackets after the name (AACR2 1.4E1/LCRI).
Distributor statement explicitly stated on piece
On piece:
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, United States Government Printing Office.
In record:
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b Scientific and Technical Services, Meat and Poultry Inspection Program, Food and Safety Quality Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
Distributor statement not explicitly stated on piece
On piece:
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
In record:
260 ## $a Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management ; $b Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. [distributor]
Fig. 10.17a. Cover
Fig. 10.17b. Masthead
260 ## $a London : $b Listener Publications Ltd : $b Distributed by BBC Frontline Ltd.
10.2.6. Recording other bodies
If a corporate body appearing on the piece is in some way responsible for the serial but has not been recorded in the statement of responsibility or the publishing statement, it may be recorded in a note (see Module 13).
260 ## $a Wien ; $a New York : $b Springer-Verlag
550 ## $a Organ of: Internationale Gesellschaft für Neurovegetative Forschung.
260 ## $a Leiden : $b E.J. Brill, $c 1966-1971.
550 ## $a Vols. 1-3 published under the auspices of the Netherlands Committee of Historical Sciences; v. 4-5 under the auspices of the Netherlands Historical Association.
If a corporate body appears on the piece (other than on the chief source), but represents a function that is judged to be unimportant or that is unknown, it generally may be omitted from the record entirely. If considered important for identification, it may be recorded in an “At head of title” note or in a general quoted note, as appropriate.
CCM— Module 10. Publication, distribution, etc. area (Field 260) — 10.4. Dates of publication
While serials such as annuals may have true publication dates, many others, such as periodicals, have only a copyright date or a chronological designation that may suggest a probable date of publication. Serial catalogers frequently have to supply the date of publication when the record is described from the first issue.
10.4.1. Definitions
AACR2 does not define any of the types of dates that might be found on serials. For a discussion on dates relating to chronological designations, see Module 8.
a. Publication date
Fig. 10.20.
The publication date is the year in which a work is made available to the public. The publication date, when found on the piece, generally consists solely of the year and most often appears with the place and name of the publisher.
In Fig. 10.20. "1968" is clearly a publication date since it appears with the publishing statement and differs from the chronological designation of 1964.
260 ## $a Edinburgh, Scotland : $b International Seismological Centre, $c 1968-
362 0# $a Vol. 1 (1964)-
b. Release dates
The release date generally consists of a month and year that reflects the date of release for publication. Release dates often appear on government publications and technical reports.
c. Copyright dates
The copyright date is a legal date that reflects the year in which copyright protection is claimed for an issue. The date may or may not be the same as the publication date. In many cases, however, the copyright date is the only available date for recording in this area.
10.4.2. When to record publication date(s)
a. First/last issue in hand
Give the date of publication of the first issue followed by a hyphen and the date of the last issue when the serial is complete and both issues are in hand (AACR2 1.4F8). A date must be given when the first or last issue is in hand, even if it has to be supplied according to AACR2 1.4F7.
260 ## $a ..., $c 1987-
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1 (July 1987)-
260 ## $a ..., $c -1988.
362 0# $a -v. 33, no. 8 (Aug. 1988).
500 ## $a Description based on: Vol. 30, no. 1 (Jan. 1985).
260 ## $a Plovdiv [Bulgaria] : $b Narodna biblioteka "Ivan Vazov", $c 1966-
362 0# $a 1965-
500 ## $a Latest issue consulted: Vol. 30, no. 1 (Jan. 1985).
When only an approximate date can be provided, a date containing a hyphen and/or question mark can be used as publication date (AACR2 1.4F7).
260 ## $a [Sugar Land, Tex.] : $b Internet Scientific Publications, $c [200-?]-
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1-
b. First/last issue not in hand
If neither the first or last issue is in hand, do not give a date of publication according to
AACR2 contains an option to supply the date. LC and CONSER libraries other than LAC will not apply the option for serials.
AACR2 1.4F8. Do not apply AACR2 1.4F7 in this situation because it is unknown whether there is a date on the first issue or what the date should be. There is no ending punctuation;
This is a change in practice as of 2002.
do not include a comma following the publisher.
260 ## $a Boston, MA : $b Beacon Press
362 1# $a Began with: 1986.
500 ## $a Description based on: 1988.
Thus, when recording a "formatted" 362 field, also record a beginning or ending date of publication, or both. When describing the serial from an issue other than the first, do not input $c in field 260 unless the final issue is in hand.
10.4.3. Selecting the publication date(s)
Some serials have a publication date in addition to a chronological designation. The publication date, when present, is most often found with the publishing information, either at the foot or verso of the title page or in the masthead. If there is no publication date, a copyright or release date may be used. Give the publication date in field 260 even if it is the same as the chronological designation (AACR2 12.4F1).
If there is no publication date given on the first/last issue, supply the probable date in brackets. While the chronological designation itself is not a publication date, it may serve as an indication of the probable date of publication. For instance, if a periodical is issued monthly and the first issue is dated July 1991, it is safe to supply 1991 as the date of publication. For an annual report covering the 1990 calendar year, however, 1991 would be a more probable publication date. The date is bracketed because it does not appear as the publication date.
Dates to be used as the publishing date: preferred order
Publication date
Release date
Copyright date
Probable date (may be inferred from chronological designation)
Note that rule 1.4F8 says to give the date of the “first published issue.” This is not necessarily the issue that is no. 1 (or its equivalent). If the publication date of the first issue is later than the publication date of subsequent issues, record the earliest publication date in the 260 field and give the publication date of no. 1 (or its equivalent) in a note (LCRI 12.7B11.2). In printed serials, this situation is most likely to occur with monographic series. It is also frequently encountered with electronic journals where back issues are digitized after the initial publication of the electronic version (see Module 31).
260 ## $a Chicago, IL : $b American Library Association, $c 1967-
362 0# $a Vol. 1-
500 ## $a Vol. 1 published in 1969.
10.4.4. Recording the publication date(s)
Record only the year; do not give months or days. If both first and last issues are in hand, give the year of the first issue followed by the year of the last issue (AACR2 1.4F8). If both first and last issues are published in the same year, give the year only once. Precede a copyright date with a small "c." Give the year in brackets when it is supplied (i.e., no separate publication date appears in the piece). If you are uncertain about the probable date, add a question mark.
260 ## $a ..., $c 1989-
260 ## $a ..., $c c1990-
260 ## $a ..., $c 1945-1989.
260 ## $a ..., $c 1990. {i.e., not 1990-1990}
260 ## $a ..., $c -[1989]
260 ## $a ..., $c [1987?]-
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1988)-
10.4.1. Definitions
AACR2 does not define any of the types of dates that might be found on serials. For a discussion on dates relating to chronological designations, see Module 8.
a. Publication date
Fig. 10.20.
The publication date is the year in which a work is made available to the public. The publication date, when found on the piece, generally consists solely of the year and most often appears with the place and name of the publisher.
In Fig. 10.20. "1968" is clearly a publication date since it appears with the publishing statement and differs from the chronological designation of 1964.
260 ## $a Edinburgh, Scotland : $b International Seismological Centre, $c 1968-
362 0# $a Vol. 1 (1964)-
b. Release dates
The release date generally consists of a month and year that reflects the date of release for publication. Release dates often appear on government publications and technical reports.
c. Copyright dates
The copyright date is a legal date that reflects the year in which copyright protection is claimed for an issue. The date may or may not be the same as the publication date. In many cases, however, the copyright date is the only available date for recording in this area.
10.4.2. When to record publication date(s)
a. First/last issue in hand
Give the date of publication of the first issue followed by a hyphen and the date of the last issue when the serial is complete and both issues are in hand (AACR2 1.4F8). A date must be given when the first or last issue is in hand, even if it has to be supplied according to AACR2 1.4F7.
260 ## $a ..., $c 1987-
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1 (July 1987)-
260 ## $a ..., $c -1988.
362 0# $a -v. 33, no. 8 (Aug. 1988).
500 ## $a Description based on: Vol. 30, no. 1 (Jan. 1985).
260 ## $a Plovdiv [Bulgaria] : $b Narodna biblioteka "Ivan Vazov", $c 1966-
362 0# $a 1965-
500 ## $a Latest issue consulted: Vol. 30, no. 1 (Jan. 1985).
When only an approximate date can be provided, a date containing a hyphen and/or question mark can be used as publication date (AACR2 1.4F7).
260 ## $a [Sugar Land, Tex.] : $b Internet Scientific Publications, $c [200-?]-
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1-
b. First/last issue not in hand
If neither the first or last issue is in hand, do not give a date of publication according to
AACR2 contains an option to supply the date. LC and CONSER libraries other than LAC will not apply the option for serials.
AACR2 1.4F8. Do not apply AACR2 1.4F7 in this situation because it is unknown whether there is a date on the first issue or what the date should be. There is no ending punctuation;
This is a change in practice as of 2002.
do not include a comma following the publisher.
260 ## $a Boston, MA : $b Beacon Press
362 1# $a Began with: 1986.
500 ## $a Description based on: 1988.
Thus, when recording a "formatted" 362 field, also record a beginning or ending date of publication, or both. When describing the serial from an issue other than the first, do not input $c in field 260 unless the final issue is in hand.
10.4.3. Selecting the publication date(s)
Some serials have a publication date in addition to a chronological designation. The publication date, when present, is most often found with the publishing information, either at the foot or verso of the title page or in the masthead. If there is no publication date, a copyright or release date may be used. Give the publication date in field 260 even if it is the same as the chronological designation (AACR2 12.4F1).
If there is no publication date given on the first/last issue, supply the probable date in brackets. While the chronological designation itself is not a publication date, it may serve as an indication of the probable date of publication. For instance, if a periodical is issued monthly and the first issue is dated July 1991, it is safe to supply 1991 as the date of publication. For an annual report covering the 1990 calendar year, however, 1991 would be a more probable publication date. The date is bracketed because it does not appear as the publication date.
Dates to be used as the publishing date: preferred order
Publication date
Release date
Copyright date
Probable date (may be inferred from chronological designation)
Note that rule 1.4F8 says to give the date of the “first published issue.” This is not necessarily the issue that is no. 1 (or its equivalent). If the publication date of the first issue is later than the publication date of subsequent issues, record the earliest publication date in the 260 field and give the publication date of no. 1 (or its equivalent) in a note (LCRI 12.7B11.2). In printed serials, this situation is most likely to occur with monographic series. It is also frequently encountered with electronic journals where back issues are digitized after the initial publication of the electronic version (see Module 31).
260 ## $a Chicago, IL : $b American Library Association, $c 1967-
362 0# $a Vol. 1-
500 ## $a Vol. 1 published in 1969.
10.4.4. Recording the publication date(s)
Record only the year; do not give months or days. If both first and last issues are in hand, give the year of the first issue followed by the year of the last issue (AACR2 1.4F8). If both first and last issues are published in the same year, give the year only once. Precede a copyright date with a small "c." Give the year in brackets when it is supplied (i.e., no separate publication date appears in the piece). If you are uncertain about the probable date, add a question mark.
260 ## $a ..., $c 1989-
260 ## $a ..., $c c1990-
260 ## $a ..., $c 1945-1989.
260 ## $a ..., $c 1990. {i.e., not 1990-1990}
260 ## $a ..., $c -[1989]
260 ## $a ..., $c [1987?]-
362 0# $a Vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1988)-
AACR2 1.4. Publication, Distribution, Etc., Area
1.4. Publication, Distribution, Etc., Area
1.4A. Preliminary rule
1.4A1. Punctuation
For instructions on the use of spaces before and after prescribed punctuation, see 1.0C.
Precede this area by a full stop, space, dash, space.
Precede a second or subsequently named place of publication, distribution, etc., by a semicolon.
Precede the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., by a colon.
Enclose a supplied statement of function of a publisher, distributor, etc., in square brackets.
Precede the date of publication, distribution, etc., by a comma.
Enclose the details of manufacture (place, name, date) in parentheses.
Precede the name of a manufacturer by a colon.
Precede the date of manufacture by a comma.
For the use of the equals sign to precede parallel statements, see the appropriate rules following.
1.4A2. Sources of information
Give in this area information taken from the chief source of information or from any other source prescribed for this area in the following chapters. Enclose in square brackets information supplied from a source other than those prescribed.
1.4B. General rule
1.4B1.
In this area, record information about the place, name, and date of all types of publishing, distributing, releasing, and issuing activities. For unpublished materials, see 1.4C8, 1.4D8, and 1.4F9-1.4F10.
1.4B2.
Record information relating to the manufacture of the item in this area.
1.4B3.
When more than one place, name, or date is recorded in this area, give them in the order that is appropriate to the item being described.
1.4B4.
Give names of places, persons, or bodies as they appear, omitting accompanying prepositions unless case endings would be affected. Use abbreviations as instructed in appendix B.
Berolini
… : Im Deutschen Verlag
but
Paris
not
À Paris
… : University of Leeds, Dept. of Spanish
not
… : University of Leeds, Department of Spanish
1.4B5.
If the original publication details are covered by a label containing publication details relating to a reproduction, reissue, etc., give the publication details of the later publication in this area. Give the publication details of the original in a note (see 1.7B9) if they can be ascertained readily.
1.4B6.
If an item is known to have fictitious publication, distribution, etc., details, give them in the conventional order. Supply the real publication, distribution, etc., details as a correction if they are known.
Belfast [i.e. Dublin : s.n.], 1982
Paris : Impr. Vincent, 1798 [i.e. Bruxelles : Moens, 1883]
1.4C. Place of publication, distribution, etc.
1.4C1.
Transcribe a place of publication, etc., in the form and the grammatical case in which it appears.
Köln
Lugduni Batavorum
Den Haag
If the name of a place appears in more than one language or script, give the form in the language or script of the title proper. If this criterion does not apply, give the form that appears first.
1.4C2.
Supply another form of the name of a place if such an addition is considered desirable as an aid to identifying the place, using the English form of name if there is one.
Lerpwl [Liverpool]
Christiania [Oslo]
1.4C3.
If the name of the country, state, province, etc., appears in the source of information, transcribe it after the name of the place if it is considered necessary for identification, or if it is considered necessary to distinguish the place from others of the same name. Supply the name of the country, state, province, etc., if it does not appear in the source of information but is considered necessary for identification or distinction, using the English form of name if there is one. Use abbreviations (see B.14).
City and country, etc., appear in prescribed source of information
Tolworth, England
Carbondale, Ill.
City alone appears in prescribed source of information
Waco [Tex.]
London [Ont.]
Santiago [Chile]
Renens [Switzerland]
1.4C4.
If a place name is found only in an abbreviated form in the item, transcribe it as found, and add the full form or complete the name.
Mpls [i.e. Minneapolis]
Rio [de Janeiro]
1.4C5.
If two or more places in which a publisher, distributor, etc., has offices are named in the item, give the first named place. Give any subsequently named place that is given prominence by the layout or typography of the source of information. If the first named place and any place given prominence are not in the home country of the cataloguing agency, give also the first of any subsequently named places that is in the home country. Omit all other places.
Toronto
(Source of information reads: Toronto, Buffalo, London. Cataloguing agency in Canada)
Montréal ; Toronto
(Toronto given prominence by typography)
London ; New York
(Cataloguing agency in the United States)
Toronto ; London
(Source of information reads: Toronto, Buffalo, London. Cataloguing agency in the United Kingdom)
New York ; London ; Sydney
(London given prominence by typography. Cataloguing agency in Australia)
For items with two or more places of publication, distribution, etc., relating to two or more publishers, distributors, etc., see 1.4D4.
1.4C6.
If the place of publication, distribution, etc., is uncertain, supply the probable place in the English form of the name if there is one, followed by a question mark.
[Munich?]
If no probable place can be given, supply if possible the name of the country, state, province, etc. If, in such a case, the country, state, province, etc., is not certain, follow it by a question mark.
[Canada]
[Spain?]
If no place or probable place can be given, give s.l. (sine loco), or its equivalent in a nonroman script.
[S.l.]
1.4C7.
Optionally, give the full address of a publisher, distributor, etc., after the name of the place. Enclose the full address in parentheses. Do not give the full address for major trade publishers.
London (108 Gloucester Ave., London, NW1 8HX)
1.4C8.
Do not record a place of publication, distribution, etc., for unpublished items (e.g., manuscripts, art originals, naturally occurring objects that have not been packaged for commercial distribution, unedited or unpublished film or video materials, stock shots, nonprocessed sound recordings, unpublished electronic resources). Do not record a place of publication, distribution, etc., for unpublished collections (including those containing published items but not published as collections). Do not give s.l. in either case.
1.4D. Name of publisher, distributor, etc.
1.4D1.
Give the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., following the place(s) to which it relates.
London : Macmillan
Toronto : University of Toronto Press
New York ; London : McGraw-Hill
Montréal ; London : Grolier
London : Sussex Tapes ; Wakefield : Educational Productions
New York ; London ; Sydney : Oxford University Press
1.4D2.
Give the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., in the shortest form in which it can be understood and identified internationally.
: Penguin
(Source of information reads: Penguin Books)
: W.H. Allen not : Allen
(Avoids confusion with other publishers called Allen)
: Da Capo
(Source of information reads: Da Capo Press, Inc., a subsidiary of Plenum Publishing Corporation)
If the shortest form of the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., is in more than one language or script, give the form that is in the language or script of the title proper. If this criterion does not apply, give the shortest form in the language or script that appears first.
Optionally, give the shortest form in each language or script. Precede each parallel statement by an equals sign. If the shortest form is the same in all languages or scripts, give it only once.
: Éditions du peuple = Commoner’s Pub.
but
: Høst
not
: Høst & Søns Forlag = Høst & Son Publisher
1.4D3.
In giving the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., retain:
a) words or phrases indicating the function (other than solely publishing) performed by the person or body
: Printed for the CLA by the Morriss Print. Co.
: Distributed by New York Graphic Society
: In Kommission bei O. Harrassowitz
: Allen & Unwin
(Source of information reads: Published by Allen & Unwin)
b) parts of the name required to differentiate between publishers, distributors, etc., or to identify subsidiary companies.
: Longmans, Green
but
: Longmans Educational not : Longmans
1.4D4.
If an item has two or more publishers, distributors, etc., describe it in terms of the first named and the corresponding place(s). In the following cases, add subsequently named publishers, distributors, etc., and their corresponding places (if they are different from the place(s) already named):
a) when the first and subsequently named entities are linked in a single statement
London : Macmillan for the University of York
b) when the first named entity is a distributor, releasing agency, etc., and a publisher is named subsequently
c) when a subsequently named entity is clearly distinguished as the principal publisher, distributor, etc., by layout or typography
Toronto : McClelland and Stewart : World Crafts Council
(Second publisher given prominence by typography)
d) when the subsequently named publisher, distributor, etc., is in the home country of the cataloguing agency and the first named publisher, distributor, etc., is not.
Paris : Gauthier-Villars ; Chicago : University of Chicago Press
(Cataloguing agency in the United States)
New York : Dutton ; Toronto : Clarke, Irwin
(Cataloguing agency in Canada)
1.4D5.
Optionally, give the name and, when appropriate, the place of a distributor when the first named entity is a publisher.
Stockholm : Grammofon AB BIS ; New York : Distributed by Qualitron Imports
1.4D6.
If the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., is unknown, give s.n. (sine nomine) or its equivalent in a nonroman script.
Paris : [s.n.]
1.4D7.
In case of doubt about whether a named agency is a publisher or a manufacturer, treat it as a publisher.
1.4D8.
Do not record the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., for unpublished items (e.g., manuscripts, art originals, naturally occurring objects that have not been packaged for commercial distribution, unedited or unpublished film or video materials, stock shots, nonprocessed sound recordings, unpublished electronic resources). Do not record the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., for unpublished collections (including those containing published items but not published as collections). Do not give s.n. in either case.
1.4E. Optional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.
1.4E1.
Add to the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., a term that clarifies the function of the publisher, distributor, etc., unless:
a)
the phrase naming the publisher, distributor, etc., includes words that indicate the function performed by the person(s) or body (bodies) named
or
b)
the function of the publishing, distributing, etc., agency is clear from the context.
Montréal : National Film Board of Canada ; London : Guild Sound and Vision [distributor]
London : Macmillan : Educational Service [distributor]
but
New York : Released by Beaux Arts
Oliver Twist [GMD] / Charles Dickens. – London : Chapman and Hall
1.4F. Date of publication, distribution, etc.
1.4F1.
For published items, give the date (i.e., year) of publication, distribution, etc., of the edition, revision, etc., named in the edition area. If there is no edition statement, give the date of the first publication of the edition to which the item belongs. Give dates in Western-style arabic numerals. If the date found in the item is not of the Gregorian or Julian calendar, give the date as found and follow it with the year(s) of the Gregorian or Julian calendar.
, 1975
, 4308 [1975]
, [4308 i.e. 1975]
, 5730 [1969 or 1970]
, anno 18 [1939] not , anno XVIII
, 1976 not ,
For unpublished items, see 1.4F9. For unpublished collections, see 1.4F10.
1.4F2.
Give the date as found in the item even if it is known to be incorrect. If a date is known to be incorrect, add the correct date.
, 1697 [i.e. 1967]
If necessary, explain any discrepancy in a note.
, 1963 [i.e. 1971]
Note: Originally issued as a sound disc in 1963; issued as a cassette in 1971
1.4F3.
Give the date of a named revision of an edition as the date of publication only if the revision is specified in the edition area (see 1.2D). In this case, give only the date of the named revision.
1.4F4.
If the publication date differs from the date of distribution, add the date of distribution if it is considered to be significant by the cataloguing agency. If the publisher and distributor are different, give the date(s) after the name(s) to which they apply.
London : Macmillan, 1971, [distributed 1973]
London : Educational Records, 1973 ; New York : Edcorp [distributor], 1975
Toronto : Royal Ontario Museum, 1971 ; Beckenham [England] : Edward Patterson [distributor]
(Distribution date known to be different but not recorded)
If the publication and distribution dates are the same, give the date after the last named publisher, distributor, etc.
New York : American Broadcasting Co. [production company] : Released by Xerox Films, 1973
1.4F5.
Optional addition. Give the latest date of copyright following the publication, distribution, etc., date if the copyright date is different.
, 1967, c1965
, [1981], p1975
1.4F6.
If the dates of publication, distribution, etc., are unknown, give the copyright date or, in its absence, the date of manufacture (indicated as such) in its place.
, c1967
, 1967 printing
, p1983
, 1979 pressing
1.4F7.
If no date of publication, distribution, etc., copyright date, or date of manufacture appears in an item, supply an approximate date of publication.
, [1971 or 1972]
one year or the other
, [1969?]
probable date
, [between 1906 and 1912]
use only for dates fewer than 20 years apart
, [ca. 1960]
approximate date
, [197-]
decade certain
, [197-?]
probable decade
, [18–]
century certain
, [18–?]
probable century
Optionally, give an approximate date of publication if it differs significantly from the date(s) specified in 1.4F6.
, [1982?], c1949
1.4F8. Dates for serials, integrating resources, and multipart items
If the first published issue, iteration, or part is available, give the beginning date followed by a hyphen. If the resource has ceased or is complete and the last published issue, iteration, or part is available, give the ending date, preceded by a hyphen. If the first and last published issues, iterations, or parts are available, give the beginning and ending publication dates, separated by a hyphen. If the publication date is the same for all issues, iterations, or parts, give only that date as the single date. For an updating loose-leaf, supply the date of the last update if considered important.
, 1988-
(First published issue available; resource still being published)
, -1997
(First published part not available)
, 1968-1973
(First and last published parts available)
, 1997
(All issues published in same year)
, 1995-1998 [updated 1999]
(First and last published iterations of an updating loose-leaf available; date of last update known)
If the first and/or last published issue, iteration, or part is not available, do not give the beginning and/or ending date; give information about the beginning and/or ending date in a note if it can be readily ascertained (see 1.7B9, 12.7B11.1).
Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution
Note: Began in 1996
(First published issue not available but information about beginning date is known; resource still being published)
, 1996-
Note: Completed publication in 2000
(Last published part not available but information about ending date known)
Stockholm : Nordic Association for Research on Latin America
Note: Began in 1988; ceased in 1991
(First and last published issues not available but information about beginning and ending dates known)
Optionally, supply the beginning and/or ending publication date in the publication, distribution, etc., area if it can be readily ascertained.
Vancouver : University of British Columbia, [1998]-
(Earliest issue available: v. 1, no. 3, July 1998)
, 1997-[2000]
(Last published part not available but information about ending date known)
, [1988-1991]
(First and last published issues not available but information about beginning and ending dates known)
1.4F9.
Do not record a date for naturally occurring objects that have not been packaged for commercial distribution. For other unpublished items (e.g., manuscripts, art originals, unedited or unpublished film or video materials, stock shots, nonprocessed sound recordings, unpublished electronic resources), give the date of production (creation, inscription, manufacture, recording, etc.).
1.4F10.
Give the date or inclusive dates of unpublished collections (including those containing published items but not published as collections).
1.4G. Place of manufacture, name of manufacturer, date of manufacture
1.4G1.
If the name of the publisher is unknown and the place and name of the manufacturer are found in the item, give the place and name of the manufacturer.
[S.l. : s.n.], 1970 (London : High Fidelity Sound Studios)
1.4G2.
In recording the place and name of the manufacturer, follow the instructions in 1.4B-1.4D.
1.4G3.
If the date of manufacture is given in place of an unknown date of publication, distribution, etc. (see 1.4F6), do not repeat it here.
1.4G4.
Optional addition. Give the place, name of manufacturer, and/or date of manufacture if they are found in the item and differ from the place, name of publisher, distributor, etc., and date of publication, distribution, etc., and are considered important by the cataloguing agency.
London : Arts Council of Great Britain, 1976 (Twickenham : CTD Printers, 1974)
Harmondsworth : Penguin, 1949 (1963 printing)
1.4A. Preliminary rule
1.4A1. Punctuation
For instructions on the use of spaces before and after prescribed punctuation, see 1.0C.
Precede this area by a full stop, space, dash, space.
Precede a second or subsequently named place of publication, distribution, etc., by a semicolon.
Precede the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., by a colon.
Enclose a supplied statement of function of a publisher, distributor, etc., in square brackets.
Precede the date of publication, distribution, etc., by a comma.
Enclose the details of manufacture (place, name, date) in parentheses.
Precede the name of a manufacturer by a colon.
Precede the date of manufacture by a comma.
For the use of the equals sign to precede parallel statements, see the appropriate rules following.
1.4A2. Sources of information
Give in this area information taken from the chief source of information or from any other source prescribed for this area in the following chapters. Enclose in square brackets information supplied from a source other than those prescribed.
1.4B. General rule
1.4B1.
In this area, record information about the place, name, and date of all types of publishing, distributing, releasing, and issuing activities. For unpublished materials, see 1.4C8, 1.4D8, and 1.4F9-1.4F10.
1.4B2.
Record information relating to the manufacture of the item in this area.
1.4B3.
When more than one place, name, or date is recorded in this area, give them in the order that is appropriate to the item being described.
1.4B4.
Give names of places, persons, or bodies as they appear, omitting accompanying prepositions unless case endings would be affected. Use abbreviations as instructed in appendix B.
Berolini
… : Im Deutschen Verlag
but
Paris
not
À Paris
… : University of Leeds, Dept. of Spanish
not
… : University of Leeds, Department of Spanish
1.4B5.
If the original publication details are covered by a label containing publication details relating to a reproduction, reissue, etc., give the publication details of the later publication in this area. Give the publication details of the original in a note (see 1.7B9) if they can be ascertained readily.
1.4B6.
If an item is known to have fictitious publication, distribution, etc., details, give them in the conventional order. Supply the real publication, distribution, etc., details as a correction if they are known.
Belfast [i.e. Dublin : s.n.], 1982
Paris : Impr. Vincent, 1798 [i.e. Bruxelles : Moens, 1883]
1.4C. Place of publication, distribution, etc.
1.4C1.
Transcribe a place of publication, etc., in the form and the grammatical case in which it appears.
Köln
Lugduni Batavorum
Den Haag
If the name of a place appears in more than one language or script, give the form in the language or script of the title proper. If this criterion does not apply, give the form that appears first.
1.4C2.
Supply another form of the name of a place if such an addition is considered desirable as an aid to identifying the place, using the English form of name if there is one.
Lerpwl [Liverpool]
Christiania [Oslo]
1.4C3.
If the name of the country, state, province, etc., appears in the source of information, transcribe it after the name of the place if it is considered necessary for identification, or if it is considered necessary to distinguish the place from others of the same name. Supply the name of the country, state, province, etc., if it does not appear in the source of information but is considered necessary for identification or distinction, using the English form of name if there is one. Use abbreviations (see B.14).
City and country, etc., appear in prescribed source of information
Tolworth, England
Carbondale, Ill.
City alone appears in prescribed source of information
Waco [Tex.]
London [Ont.]
Santiago [Chile]
Renens [Switzerland]
1.4C4.
If a place name is found only in an abbreviated form in the item, transcribe it as found, and add the full form or complete the name.
Mpls [i.e. Minneapolis]
Rio [de Janeiro]
1.4C5.
If two or more places in which a publisher, distributor, etc., has offices are named in the item, give the first named place. Give any subsequently named place that is given prominence by the layout or typography of the source of information. If the first named place and any place given prominence are not in the home country of the cataloguing agency, give also the first of any subsequently named places that is in the home country. Omit all other places.
Toronto
(Source of information reads: Toronto, Buffalo, London. Cataloguing agency in Canada)
Montréal ; Toronto
(Toronto given prominence by typography)
London ; New York
(Cataloguing agency in the United States)
Toronto ; London
(Source of information reads: Toronto, Buffalo, London. Cataloguing agency in the United Kingdom)
New York ; London ; Sydney
(London given prominence by typography. Cataloguing agency in Australia)
For items with two or more places of publication, distribution, etc., relating to two or more publishers, distributors, etc., see 1.4D4.
1.4C6.
If the place of publication, distribution, etc., is uncertain, supply the probable place in the English form of the name if there is one, followed by a question mark.
[Munich?]
If no probable place can be given, supply if possible the name of the country, state, province, etc. If, in such a case, the country, state, province, etc., is not certain, follow it by a question mark.
[Canada]
[Spain?]
If no place or probable place can be given, give s.l. (sine loco), or its equivalent in a nonroman script.
[S.l.]
1.4C7.
Optionally, give the full address of a publisher, distributor, etc., after the name of the place. Enclose the full address in parentheses. Do not give the full address for major trade publishers.
London (108 Gloucester Ave., London, NW1 8HX)
1.4C8.
Do not record a place of publication, distribution, etc., for unpublished items (e.g., manuscripts, art originals, naturally occurring objects that have not been packaged for commercial distribution, unedited or unpublished film or video materials, stock shots, nonprocessed sound recordings, unpublished electronic resources). Do not record a place of publication, distribution, etc., for unpublished collections (including those containing published items but not published as collections). Do not give s.l. in either case.
1.4D. Name of publisher, distributor, etc.
1.4D1.
Give the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., following the place(s) to which it relates.
London : Macmillan
Toronto : University of Toronto Press
New York ; London : McGraw-Hill
Montréal ; London : Grolier
London : Sussex Tapes ; Wakefield : Educational Productions
New York ; London ; Sydney : Oxford University Press
1.4D2.
Give the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., in the shortest form in which it can be understood and identified internationally.
: Penguin
(Source of information reads: Penguin Books)
: W.H. Allen not : Allen
(Avoids confusion with other publishers called Allen)
: Da Capo
(Source of information reads: Da Capo Press, Inc., a subsidiary of Plenum Publishing Corporation)
If the shortest form of the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., is in more than one language or script, give the form that is in the language or script of the title proper. If this criterion does not apply, give the shortest form in the language or script that appears first.
Optionally, give the shortest form in each language or script. Precede each parallel statement by an equals sign. If the shortest form is the same in all languages or scripts, give it only once.
: Éditions du peuple = Commoner’s Pub.
but
: Høst
not
: Høst & Søns Forlag = Høst & Son Publisher
1.4D3.
In giving the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., retain:
a) words or phrases indicating the function (other than solely publishing) performed by the person or body
: Printed for the CLA by the Morriss Print. Co.
: Distributed by New York Graphic Society
: In Kommission bei O. Harrassowitz
: Allen & Unwin
(Source of information reads: Published by Allen & Unwin)
b) parts of the name required to differentiate between publishers, distributors, etc., or to identify subsidiary companies.
: Longmans, Green
but
: Longmans Educational not : Longmans
1.4D4.
If an item has two or more publishers, distributors, etc., describe it in terms of the first named and the corresponding place(s). In the following cases, add subsequently named publishers, distributors, etc., and their corresponding places (if they are different from the place(s) already named):
a) when the first and subsequently named entities are linked in a single statement
London : Macmillan for the University of York
b) when the first named entity is a distributor, releasing agency, etc., and a publisher is named subsequently
c) when a subsequently named entity is clearly distinguished as the principal publisher, distributor, etc., by layout or typography
Toronto : McClelland and Stewart : World Crafts Council
(Second publisher given prominence by typography)
d) when the subsequently named publisher, distributor, etc., is in the home country of the cataloguing agency and the first named publisher, distributor, etc., is not.
Paris : Gauthier-Villars ; Chicago : University of Chicago Press
(Cataloguing agency in the United States)
New York : Dutton ; Toronto : Clarke, Irwin
(Cataloguing agency in Canada)
1.4D5.
Optionally, give the name and, when appropriate, the place of a distributor when the first named entity is a publisher.
Stockholm : Grammofon AB BIS ; New York : Distributed by Qualitron Imports
1.4D6.
If the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., is unknown, give s.n. (sine nomine) or its equivalent in a nonroman script.
Paris : [s.n.]
1.4D7.
In case of doubt about whether a named agency is a publisher or a manufacturer, treat it as a publisher.
1.4D8.
Do not record the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., for unpublished items (e.g., manuscripts, art originals, naturally occurring objects that have not been packaged for commercial distribution, unedited or unpublished film or video materials, stock shots, nonprocessed sound recordings, unpublished electronic resources). Do not record the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., for unpublished collections (including those containing published items but not published as collections). Do not give s.n. in either case.
1.4E. Optional addition. Statement of function of publisher, distributor, etc.
1.4E1.
Add to the name of a publisher, distributor, etc., a term that clarifies the function of the publisher, distributor, etc., unless:
a)
the phrase naming the publisher, distributor, etc., includes words that indicate the function performed by the person(s) or body (bodies) named
or
b)
the function of the publishing, distributing, etc., agency is clear from the context.
Montréal : National Film Board of Canada ; London : Guild Sound and Vision [distributor]
London : Macmillan : Educational Service [distributor]
but
New York : Released by Beaux Arts
Oliver Twist [GMD] / Charles Dickens. – London : Chapman and Hall
1.4F. Date of publication, distribution, etc.
1.4F1.
For published items, give the date (i.e., year) of publication, distribution, etc., of the edition, revision, etc., named in the edition area. If there is no edition statement, give the date of the first publication of the edition to which the item belongs. Give dates in Western-style arabic numerals. If the date found in the item is not of the Gregorian or Julian calendar, give the date as found and follow it with the year(s) of the Gregorian or Julian calendar.
, 1975
, 4308 [1975]
, [4308 i.e. 1975]
, 5730 [1969 or 1970]
, anno 18 [1939] not , anno XVIII
, 1976 not ,
For unpublished items, see 1.4F9. For unpublished collections, see 1.4F10.
1.4F2.
Give the date as found in the item even if it is known to be incorrect. If a date is known to be incorrect, add the correct date.
, 1697 [i.e. 1967]
If necessary, explain any discrepancy in a note.
, 1963 [i.e. 1971]
Note: Originally issued as a sound disc in 1963; issued as a cassette in 1971
1.4F3.
Give the date of a named revision of an edition as the date of publication only if the revision is specified in the edition area (see 1.2D). In this case, give only the date of the named revision.
1.4F4.
If the publication date differs from the date of distribution, add the date of distribution if it is considered to be significant by the cataloguing agency. If the publisher and distributor are different, give the date(s) after the name(s) to which they apply.
London : Macmillan, 1971, [distributed 1973]
London : Educational Records, 1973 ; New York : Edcorp [distributor], 1975
Toronto : Royal Ontario Museum, 1971 ; Beckenham [England] : Edward Patterson [distributor]
(Distribution date known to be different but not recorded)
If the publication and distribution dates are the same, give the date after the last named publisher, distributor, etc.
New York : American Broadcasting Co. [production company] : Released by Xerox Films, 1973
1.4F5.
Optional addition. Give the latest date of copyright following the publication, distribution, etc., date if the copyright date is different.
, 1967, c1965
, [1981], p1975
1.4F6.
If the dates of publication, distribution, etc., are unknown, give the copyright date or, in its absence, the date of manufacture (indicated as such) in its place.
, c1967
, 1967 printing
, p1983
, 1979 pressing
1.4F7.
If no date of publication, distribution, etc., copyright date, or date of manufacture appears in an item, supply an approximate date of publication.
, [1971 or 1972]
one year or the other
, [1969?]
probable date
, [between 1906 and 1912]
use only for dates fewer than 20 years apart
, [ca. 1960]
approximate date
, [197-]
decade certain
, [197-?]
probable decade
, [18–]
century certain
, [18–?]
probable century
Optionally, give an approximate date of publication if it differs significantly from the date(s) specified in 1.4F6.
, [1982?], c1949
1.4F8. Dates for serials, integrating resources, and multipart items
If the first published issue, iteration, or part is available, give the beginning date followed by a hyphen. If the resource has ceased or is complete and the last published issue, iteration, or part is available, give the ending date, preceded by a hyphen. If the first and last published issues, iterations, or parts are available, give the beginning and ending publication dates, separated by a hyphen. If the publication date is the same for all issues, iterations, or parts, give only that date as the single date. For an updating loose-leaf, supply the date of the last update if considered important.
, 1988-
(First published issue available; resource still being published)
, -1997
(First published part not available)
, 1968-1973
(First and last published parts available)
, 1997
(All issues published in same year)
, 1995-1998 [updated 1999]
(First and last published iterations of an updating loose-leaf available; date of last update known)
If the first and/or last published issue, iteration, or part is not available, do not give the beginning and/or ending date; give information about the beginning and/or ending date in a note if it can be readily ascertained (see 1.7B9, 12.7B11.1).
Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution
Note: Began in 1996
(First published issue not available but information about beginning date is known; resource still being published)
, 1996-
Note: Completed publication in 2000
(Last published part not available but information about ending date known)
Stockholm : Nordic Association for Research on Latin America
Note: Began in 1988; ceased in 1991
(First and last published issues not available but information about beginning and ending dates known)
Optionally, supply the beginning and/or ending publication date in the publication, distribution, etc., area if it can be readily ascertained.
Vancouver : University of British Columbia, [1998]-
(Earliest issue available: v. 1, no. 3, July 1998)
, 1997-[2000]
(Last published part not available but information about ending date known)
, [1988-1991]
(First and last published issues not available but information about beginning and ending dates known)
1.4F9.
Do not record a date for naturally occurring objects that have not been packaged for commercial distribution. For other unpublished items (e.g., manuscripts, art originals, unedited or unpublished film or video materials, stock shots, nonprocessed sound recordings, unpublished electronic resources), give the date of production (creation, inscription, manufacture, recording, etc.).
1.4F10.
Give the date or inclusive dates of unpublished collections (including those containing published items but not published as collections).
1.4G. Place of manufacture, name of manufacturer, date of manufacture
1.4G1.
If the name of the publisher is unknown and the place and name of the manufacturer are found in the item, give the place and name of the manufacturer.
[S.l. : s.n.], 1970 (London : High Fidelity Sound Studios)
1.4G2.
In recording the place and name of the manufacturer, follow the instructions in 1.4B-1.4D.
1.4G3.
If the date of manufacture is given in place of an unknown date of publication, distribution, etc. (see 1.4F6), do not repeat it here.
1.4G4.
Optional addition. Give the place, name of manufacturer, and/or date of manufacture if they are found in the item and differ from the place, name of publisher, distributor, etc., and date of publication, distribution, etc., and are considered important by the cataloguing agency.
London : Arts Council of Great Britain, 1976 (Twickenham : CTD Printers, 1974)
Harmondsworth : Penguin, 1949 (1963 printing)
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